河南西汉墓出土陶器的开端研究.pdf

摘 要 陶器是汉墓中最常见的器物，其种类繁多，型式多样。地处我国中部的河 南省，其优越的地理位置和温暖、湿润的气候状况使得这块沃土成为中华文明 重要的发源地之一。两汉时期这里更是全国的政治、经济、文化中心，故此地 两汉墓葬众多，本文以西汉墓葬出土陶器为研究对象。全文分五个部分。首先 对建国以来河南地区西汉墓葬陶器的发现与研究概况作简要总结。然后选取10 类常见的典型陶器进行型式分析。再结合墓葬形制、葬式及随葬器物的特点， 将该地区西汉墓陶器分为四期，即西汉早期、西汉中期、西汉晚期和新莽时期。 通过分析表明：河南地区西汉墓陶器的发展演变规律与全国其它地区西汉墓葬 陶器的演变规律基本一致，即陶器逐渐生活化。具体表现在随葬陶器上就是鼎、 盒、壶、钫等仿铜陶礼器逐渐向罐、瓮、井、仓、灶、圈和家畜、家禽等生活 类明器转变。然而河南地区西汉墓陶器的特征又存在一定的地域性。大致可分 为豫西、豫中、豫北、豫西南四个地区。各地区之间既有共性也有差异。同时 将该地区墓葬陶器与邻近的关中、湖北、皖北、皖西、河北、山西等地区西汉 墓葬出土陶器进行比较。最后，对该地西汉墓葬陶器所反映的政治、经济、思 想文化概貌加以探讨并对全文进行总结。 关键词：河南；西汉墓葬；陶器 Abstract The pottery objects.are the most the most common artifacts in Han Dynasty tombs, And also it has much species and pattern. Henan is one of Chinese civilization headstream which results in its superior geographical position and mild climate. Here was a countrywide political economical cultural centre in Han Dynasty, therefore this article takes The pottery objects in Han Dynasty tombs as object of study.The whole article was divided into five parts. There are many Han Dynasty tombs. Firstly, this thesis briefly summarized the Potterys discovery and research of Western Han Dynasty tombs in Henan since the founding of the Peoples Republic .Then we selected and studied ten common and tipical pottery objects. Thorough the reference to the grave shapes,burial stylesand the funerary objects character, the pottery objects of Western Han Dynasty tombs in this area were divied into four stages,viz the early ,middle ,late parts of Western Han and the xinmang interregnum.The analysis showed that the law of development of pottery objects of Western Han Dynasty tombs in Henan is in accordance with the law of development