产业结构软化理论与实证的研究.docVIP

摘 要 产业结构调整是现代经济增长理论的本质特征之一。考察和把握产业结构演进的一般规律是研究产业结构问题的首要任务。随着20世纪中期以信息化技术为核心的新科技革命的发展，产业结构的重心逐渐向信息产业和知识产业偏移。伴随着工业经济向知识经济的转变，产业结构软化趋势日渐明显，并呈现出有别于工业经济时代产业结构转换的新特点。 随着人类社会从工业化经济转向信息化、知识经济时代，产业结构的演进出现了不同以往的特点，使得传统产业结构高度化的理论存在演进机理衰退的问题，已经难以再继续明显、准确地反映产业结构高度化的真实进展。而产业结构软化理论能够较好解释这一现象。 本文较为系统地阐述了产业结构软化的相关理论，提出产业结构软化就是软产业不断取代硬产业的进程。产业结构软化实际上是社会生产力不断提高的过程。在这一过程中，以高技术和知识密集型位代表的软产业的迅速发展，软产业对传统产业不断渗透，并使其生产手段和方法日趋自动化、智能化，生产过程日趋集约化和高效化，劳动生产率极大提高。与此同时，整个国民经济的发展也从外延式的发展转变为内涵增长，注重效率和质量，从而加快了经济的发展。 在产业结构软化理论的基础上，本文以产业结构软化的前向软化和后向软化两个途径为导引，以信息产业的发展以及信息产业对传统产业的渗透和改造为例证，对美国、日本和我国的产业结构软化过程进行对比实证研究。在此基础上指出加快产业结构软化是我国当前产业结构调整的战略选择，并对我国加快产业结构软化的提出一些政策建议和措施。 关键词：产业结构软化，前向软化，后向软化，信息化 ABSTRACT Adjustment of the industrial structure is one of the essential characteristics for the modern economic growth theory. Study and grasp the general rules of industrial evolution is the issue of top priority to study industrial structure. With the development of new scientific and technological revolution, especially the rapid progress of information technology in the mid-20th century, the focus of the industrial structure gradually to the information industry and knowledge-based industries. Along with the change from industrial-based to knowledge-based economy, the trends of soften in the industrial structure has emerged, and some new features which different from the industrial economy era shows too. As human society change from the industrial-based economy to the knowledge-based economy, the evolution of industrial structure has different characteristics to the past. And the mechanism of the traditional theory of industrial evolution has recessed. The theory of industrial structure soften can be used to explain this phenomenon. This article systematic explain the theory of industrial structure soften, and propose the process of industrial structure soften is hard industry replace by soft industry. In this process, the high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries such as software increase rapidly, a