陈冯富珍在埃博拉威胁特别会议上主旨演讲.doc

陈冯富珍在埃博拉威胁特别会议上主旨演讲(中英) 诸位阁下，尊敬的代表们，联合国各机构同仁，女士们，先生们： 　　Excellencies, distinguished representatives of missions, fellow UN agencies, ladies and gentlemen, 　　我感谢经社理事会主席召开这次重要会议。 　　I thank the President of ECOSOC for convening this important meeting. 　　正在西非肆虐的埃博拉流行病疫情是在新环境下旧病新发，悄悄流行了三个月后，急剧空前恶化。 　　The Ebola epidemic ravaging parts of West Africa represents the case of an old disease in a new context that allowed it to spread undetected for three months and take off in unprecedented ways. 　　什么是助长此次疫情的环境因素呢? 　　What are the contextual factors fuelling the epidemic? 　　这是西非首次埃博拉病毒病疫情。该地区此前没有临床医生治疗过埃博拉病人，没有实验室处理过诊断标本，政府也缺乏经验，不了解埃博拉这样的疾病可能会对国家未来造成多大损害。 　　This has been West Africa’s first encounter with Ebola virus disease. No clinician had ever managed a patient. No laboratory had ever handled a diagnostic specimen. No government had the experience to understand what a disease like Ebola could do to a country’s future. 　　几内亚、利比里亚和塞拉利昂这三个疫情最严重国家也是全世界最贫穷的国家。这几个国家的边境管制很松，很多人为找工作四处奔走，人口流动性很高。 　　The 3 hardest hit countries, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, are among the poorest in the world. Borders are porous and population mobility is high as people move around, looking for work. 　　埃博拉患者跨越国界求医进一步扩大了传播链，在快要控制住局势的地区引发新的疫情。 　　Movement of Ebola patients across borders in their quest to find treatment beds has ignited further chains of transmission and flare-ups in areas that were approaching control. 　　社区抵制一直是个难题，造成病例隐而不报，尸体被悄悄埋葬。愤怒和恐慌的当地人的骚乱以及医护人员和掩埋尸体人员的罢工进一步扰乱了控制工作。 　　Community resistance has been a problem, leading to hidden cases and secret burials. Riots by angry and frightened communities and strikes by health care workers and burial teams have further disrupted control efforts. 　　在连续多年的内战和动乱中，这3个国家的公共卫生基础设施遭到破坏。在这3个国家中，每10万人只有一两名医生。由于近600名医生、护士和其他卫生保健工作者被感染而且半数以上已经死亡，现在医生比例甚至更低。 　　Public health infrastructures in all 3 countries were damaged or destroyed during years of civil war and unrest. The 3 countries had only 1 to 2 doctors to serve a population of nearly 100,000.