.. 船舶柴油机的工作原理和基本结构.doc

1.2.2 船舶柴油机的工作原理和基本结构 1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______. A. piston B. connecting rod C. cylinder D. spark plug 注 柴油机与汽油机相似除了柴油机没有火花塞。D 2. Fuel oil begins to inject into the cylinder of a four-stroke diesel engine during the _____. A. intake stroke B. exhaust stroke C. power stroke D. compression stroke 注 燃油开始喷射进入柴油机气缸是在压缩冲程末 3. Oil for piston cooling is delivered through rod to a compartment in the piston heat, then distributed as a result of piston motion, and finally drained to the crankcase through one or more holes or pipes; this procedure is known as the _____. A. splash method B. spray method C. shaker method D. throw-off method 注 活塞冷却油通过活塞杆进入一个空间，由于活塞的往复运动，将通过一些小孔管加热，分配最后排放冷却油到曲轴箱，这个过程被称为震荡冷却 4. Successful combustion inside the cylinders of a diesel engine depend upon______. A. fine atomization B. high temperature C. good mixing of fuel and air D. any one of the other alternatives 注 柴油机气缸内完全燃烧取决于良好雾化，高温，以及燃油空气的良好混合 5. The function of diesel engine valve springs is to ______. A. hold the valves open B. keep the valves off their seats until the exhaust stroke is completed C. close the valves D. open inlet valves when the air injection cycle begins 注 柴油机阀件弹簧的作用是关闭阀 6. Cast iron pistons used in large propulsion diesel engines are constructed with_____. A. no taper B. the skirt being tapered and smaller than the crown C. the skirt being tapered and larger than the crown D. the crown being tapered and smaller than the skirt 注 使用在大型推进装置的铸铁活塞的建造是使用活塞头呈锥面，并且小于活塞裙 7. In a full floating piston pin, the pin is prevented from sliding against the cylinder walls by _______ A. snap rings B. seal welding C. a press fitting D. a tongue-and-groove 注 在全浮动的活塞销上，扣环可以防止活塞销滑动而碰壁 8. The use of push rods is necessary in a diesel engine when______ A. the camshaft located some distance below the rocker arms B. the rocker arms are pivoted near their centers C. two or more valves must