[教学]名词演习1.pptVIP

名 词;名词的复数形式 1.复数形式的构成方法 (1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/ * dog – dogs * book – books (2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/ *box – boxes *watch – watches ;(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/ * country – countries * factory – factories 请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s” * boy – boys * monkey – monkeys ;(4) 以o结尾的名词加“s” /z/ * radio – radios * zoo – zoos 只有 potato tomato加“es”构成复数 potato – potatoes tomato – tomatoes (5) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/ * half – halves * shelf – shelves *knife – knives * leaf – leaves ;2.特殊变化的单词 (1)单复数同形 Chinese – Chinese fish – fish Japanese – Japanese sheep – sheep (2)变元音字母oo为ee tooth – teeth foot – feet ;3.变man为 men man – men woman – women policeman – policemen Frenchman – Frenchmen 请区别：German(德国人) – Germans 4. 其它形式 child – children mouse – mice ; 5.一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况 (1)将中心词变为复数 girlfriend – girlfriends grandchild – grandchildren (2) man,woman 构成的合成词，每个名词都要变成复数 a man doctor – men doctors a woman teacher – women teachers ;6.常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes police trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 * My clothes are newer than yours. * The police often come here.; 7.可用how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, some，a lot of 等修饰可数名词复数 *There are a few people in the park. *How many knives are there in your pencil-box?;★不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。 特别记住： work chalk time space music money weather cotton homework wood information news medicine; 1.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数 *Some bread is over there. *No news is good news. 2.常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, some, any等来修饰不可数名词 *They had much money. *He does little housework at home.; 3.常用a piece of, a cup of, a glass of,a bottle of等来表示不可数名词的量,单复数表现在of 前面的名词上，而 of 后始终是单数 *There is a piece of paper in t