八年制医学生特点和神经外科临床实践教学体会.docVIP

八年制医学生特点和神经外科临床实践教学体会 　　[摘要] 八年制医学专业学生代表了目前我国医学教育的最高层次，是培养医学“精英”人才的重要方式。本文结合八年制医学生的培养要求和学生特点以及神经外科的学科特征，论述从树立良好的职业道德和高度责任感、及时规范地完成病历书写、“四位一体”的临床病例学习、循序渐进的操作技能培养、基于循证医学理念和以问题为导向的临床思维培养、医患沟通技巧培训和结合临床实践选定科研课题等方面对其进行全面临床指导。这对充分调动学生的自我能动性和激发学习热情，进而顺利地完成临床培养任务乃至日后从事临床工作均具有重要意义。 　　[关键词] 八年制医学教育；神经外科；临床教学 　　[中图分类号] G642 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2013）11（a）-0155-03 　　Characteristics of medical students in eight year program and teaching experience in clinical neurosurgical practice 　　FAN Cungang ZHOU Jingru ZHANG Qingjun 　　Department of Neurosurgery， Peking University Peoples Hospital， Beijing 100044， China 　　[Abstract] Eight-year medical students represent the current highest level of medical education in China， which is an important way to train medical elite talents. On the basis of training requirements and characteristics of eight-year medical students as well as features of neurosurgery， we attempt to provide a comprehensive clinical guidance on the eight-year medical students by establishing a good work ethic and high sense of responsibility， finishing medical records timely in standardized formation， studying clinical case by four in one method， training operating skills progressively， training clinical thinking via evidence-based medicine concepts and problem-oriented learning methods， praticing communication skills to avoid patient-doctor disputes， and designing research projects on clinical experience. These methods are of great importance in stimulating self-initiative and enthusiasm of eight-year medical students， thereby aids the successful completion of clinical training tasks and future clinical work in as well. 　　[Key words] Eight-year medical education； Neurosurgery； Clinical teaching 　　近年来，随着经济发展、社会进步和医疗模式的转变，对医学人才培养的质量也提出了更高要求。通过八年制医学教育培养厚基础、宽口径、高素质、强能力、优潜质的医学专门人才是我国为适应新形势、培养与国际接轨的医学“精英”而推出的医学高等教育改革的重要举措。北京大学医学部自2001年开始试办长学制（八年制）医学教育以来，已有5批八年制研究生业完成了临床实习任务并顺利毕业。现就我科多年来对八年制研究生的培养体会进行总结，以期对完善八年制医学教育有所帮助。 　　1 八年制医学生的培养目标 　　在2009年11月8日第六届中国八年制医学教