支气管痉挛课件_1.pptVIP

Drugs for Respiratory System;Introduction;;支气管痉挛、 粘膜水肿;ANTITUSSIVES;Dependent Central Antitussives;Codeine;Pharmacokinetics: Well absorbed from oral and injection. 10% converted to morphine through demethyl. Clinical Uses: Dry cough Adverse Reactions: Respiratory suppression in high dose; Tolerance and physical dependence with frequently repeated administration; Suppress secretion of bronchial gland and movement of cilia.;Independent Central Antitussives;Dextromethorphan;Pentoxyverine;Cloperastine;Peripheral Antitussives;;Expectorants;By route of administration： Oral drugs: Fog inhalation drugs: 1.8%NaCl, 2%~7.5%NaHCO3.;Asthma;;Antiasthmatic Drugs;Bronchodilators;Beta Adrenoceptor Agonists;;Adverse Reactions of β2 agonists: Skeletal muscle tremor Cardiac effect: tachycardia(心悸亢进), arrhymias Metabolism disturbance: ketone bodies↑, acidosis, [K+]o↓ ;Theophylline;Clinical Use: Asthma: maintenance treatment Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Central sleep apnea (CSA) Adverse Reactions: Narrow margin of safety. Toxic effects are related to its plasma concentrations. Gastrointestinal distress, tremor, and insomnia. Cardiac arrhythmias, convulsions(惊厥) → lethal.;Muscarinic Antagonists;Anti-inflammatory Agents;Glucocorticoids (GCs);Routes of administration: Systemic administration: including oral and injection. More severe toxicity. Inhalation: Common inhalant GCs: FP, BDP, BUD, TAA, FNS;Anti-leukotriene agents;Common agents: zafirlukast and montelukast: LTD4-receptor antagonists zileuton: 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor;Anti-allergic Agents;Disodium Cromoglycate (SCG);Ketotifen;;86wB0QEob$+kJ!!zDv)ou48tXdpdBf85*EVzzKWZG!Z!WS%sq-rP9VYuOV$8JC4nyM2RRp!ApFoU4nPrybEZcMzVQw6VR4%vV8FmxdK-o#P30Qr62peP3oTxGjN)iQBTLl#zoElO7t-)AU%49AtOgZtRPd+-0FWzxFMIht)TLz8rahC#75JK(4IopX%RykjJy-lECE9sBKzBaBOrZ-IGU1b3CyQ9DVTkfsMCzUF0htMd6CLJHP8(r*!UzZR-v(rEqJe(O9W%H2oNg6vue$NVswYr(sDjtXpZjkT$UIBLbexAZ*FL+x%d8Z1(VQ!twcQhIOqxYoX99V%TEuz*%CA6ESCRh!zBrPLq0NHJYs9%F-)4ozK)HNsKjYeeNB%Y!d!b9COPtLldkqK