Active networks, (and reliable multicast)：主动网络，（和可靠多播）.pptVIP

Communication networks, active networking and reliable multicast C. PHAM Mardi 12 juin, 2001 Outline Introduction Nowadays network technologies Active networking Application: Active Reliable Multicast Conclusions Outline Introduction Nowadays network technologies Active networking Application: Active Reliable Multicast Conclusions The need for communication The way people are communicating… Internet milestone User perspective of the Internet What it is in reality… Outline Introduction Nowadays network technologies Active networking Application: Active Reliable Multicast Conclusions Links: the basic element for networking Backbone links optical fibers 10 to 160 GBits/s with DWDM techniques End-user access V.90 56KBits/s modem on twisted pair 512Kbits/s to 2MBits/s with xDSL modem 1Mbits/s to 10Mbits/s Cable-modem 64Kbits/s to 1930KBits/s ISDN access 9.6KBits/s (GSM) to 2MBits/s (UMTS) Routers: key elements of internetworking Routers run routing protocols and build routing table, receive data packets and perform relaying, may have to consider Quality of Service constraints for scheduling packets, are highly optimized for packet forwarding functions. General architecture of an IP router receives input packets, sends packets to output buffers, transmits packets (with QoS?). Desires put on the general Internet High-bandwidth for bandwidth-consuming applications Ubiquity of the network access (wireless, RTC, xDSL, mobile…) for remaining connected everywhere Quality of Service for high-quality multimedia reception Dynamicity, adaptability to take into account recent technologies Challenges for the Internet high-speed www video-conferencing video-on-demand interactive TV programs tele-medecine high-performance computing, grids virtual reality, immersion systems distributed interactive simulations remote archival systems… The reality…(1) High-bandwidth accesses are not available for everybody high-bandwidth is achievable in the core network with optical fibers a