遥感原理与应用-第一章.pptVIP

第一章 绪论—遥感的概念、发展及应用 第一节 遥感的概念和组成 RS技术是60年代以来，在现代物理学（包括光学技术、红外技术、微波技术、雷达技术、激光技术和全息技术）、空间科学、电子计算机技术、数学方法和地球科学理论的基础上，建立和发展起来的一门新兴的综合性的边缘学科，是一门先进的，实用的探测技术。 一、概念 ? RS（抽象）：安装在平台上的传感器，借助于某种信息传播媒介来感测遥远事物的过程。 ? RS技术（具体）：从不同高度的平台（如飞机、人造卫星等）使用传感器收集地物的电磁波信息，再将这些信息传输到地面并加以处理，从而达到对地物的识别与监测的全过程。 遥感（Remote Sensing)：从远处探测、感知物体或事物的技术。即不直接接触物体本身，从远处通过各种传感器探测和接收来自目标物体的信息，经过信息的传输及其处理分析，来识别物体的属性及其分布等特征的综合技术。 Definition of Remote Sensing The Experts say Remote Sensing is … ? Group of techniques for collecting image or other forms of data about an object from measurements made at a distance from the object, and the processing and analysis of the data. - RESORS, CCRS? Remote sensing is the measurement and analysis of electromagnetic radiation reflected from, transmitted through, or absorbed and scattered by the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and by material at or near the land surface, for the purpose of understanding and managing the Earths resources and environment. - Larry Morley, Télédétection International Definition of Remote Sensing Remote sensing is the collection of natural resources and environmental information using images acquired by sensors on board aircraft or spacecraft. - Bob Ryerson, CCRS Remote sensing is the science of acquiring, processing, and interpreting images, and related data, acquired from spacecraft and satellites that record the interaction between matter and electromagnetic energy. - Sabins, Floyd F. Jr. 二、遥感的组成要素 Energy Source: For land resources and environment detection, the main energy source is electromagnetic wave. Which is the media between the target observed and the sensor. Electromagnetic wave: three parameters—wavelength, frequency and speed(same with the light), wavelength is the key parameter in remote sensing.