【精品】血液循环11.ppt

CHAPTER 4 CIRCULATION 血液循环 Prof. Wang Ting huai Department of Physiology Section 2  Cardiac Pump Function 心脏的泵血功能 ⅠCardiac cycle 心动周期 The cardiac cycle includes two phases:systole and diastole ,which forms into one mechanical activity cycle. 心动周期:心脏一次收缩和舒张构成一个机械活动周期，称为心动周期。 The heart rate of average adult man is about 75/min,every cardiac cycle continues about 0.8s. 正常成年人心率平均每分钟75次，心动周期持续0.8s。 A.Features of cardiac mechanical activation 心脏机械活动特征 ⒈ Atrium and ventricle contract and relax in order 心房和心室依一定的次序收缩和舒张 ⒉ Diastole Period＞ Systole Period 舒张期时程 收缩期时程 ⒊ HR ↑ → diastole ↓↓, systole ↓ HR ↓ → diastole ↑↑, systole ↑ 心率 ↑ → 舒张期↓↓, 收缩期↓ 心率 ↓ → 舒张期↑↑, 收缩期↑ Contraction or relaxation →changes in pressure → opening or closing of valves → direction of blood flow →the change of the volume of atria and ventricle   心肌收缩或舒张→压力改变 → 瓣膜开或关 → 一定方向的血流，房室容积改变 B.Mechanical events during the cardiac cycle  心动周期中的机械变化 1、 Left ventricular ejection and filling event 左室的射血和充盈过程 a. Atrial systole ：心房收缩期 bicuspid valve open 二尖瓣开放 semilunar valve closed 半月瓣关闭 ApVp，AOpVp， 心房收缩，血液从心房 心室。 Characteristic: Atrium contracts,the intra-atrial pressure increases and the filling of left ventricle keep climbing .This phase lasts about 0.1s. 特点：心房收缩，房内压增高，左心室充盈量进一步增加。这一时期持续0.1s。 b. Ventricular systole: 心室收缩期 (1) Isovolume systole 等容收缩期 (2) Rapid ejection period 快速射血期 (3) Reduced ejection period 减慢射血期 period of isovolumic contraction等容收缩期 bicuspid valve closed 二尖瓣关闭 semilunar valve closed 半月瓣关闭 ApVp，AOpVp， 心室肌强烈收缩，有张力无缩短。 Closure of AV valves :first heart sound 房室瓣关闭：第一心音 Characteristc: The amplitude of intraventricular pressure pressure increases greatly and sharply .This phase lasts about 0.05s. 特点：室内压