呼吸系统疾病 Diseases of the Respiratory System(病理).pptVIP

* * * * * severe acute respiratory syndrome, (SARS) Caused by a variant of coronavirus Sever clinical manifestations Strong infectiousness High mortality Pathological change: acute diffuse alveolar damage * coronavirus * severe acute respiratory syndrome, (SARS) Caused by a variant of coronavirus Sever clinical manifestations Strong infectiousness High mortality Pathological change: acute diffuse alveolar damage * OUTLINE 1.Pulmonary Infections Community-Acquired Acute Pneumonia Community-Acquired Atypical Pneumonia Fungal infections 2.Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases (COPD) Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema 3. Bronchiectasis 4. Asthma 5. Cor Pulmonale 6. Lung tumors * Yeasts: round or oval shape Molds: tubular shape (hyphae) Dimorphic * Superficial and subcutaneous fungi Deep-seated fungi Opportunistic fungi All systemic fungi, either deep-seated or opportunistic, can infect the lung * candidiasis Candida albicans is the most frequent disease-causing fungus It is a normal inhabitant of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina in many persons * Candida albicans * Candida albicans * candidiasis Oral cavity (thrush) Candida vaginitis Candida esophagitis Candidia pneumonia * thrush * candidiasis Oral cavity (thrush) Candida vaginitis Candida esophagitis Candidia pneumonia: as a part of bloodborne dissemination of candidia * cryptococcosis Rarely occurs in healthy persons Opportunistic infection in immunocompromised hosts, AIDS or hematolympoid malignancies Usually manifests as pulmonary, central nervous system or disseminated disease * The fungus initially localizes in the lungs and then disseminates to other sites, particularly the meninges * Cryptococcus neoformans * Cryptococcus neoformans— India ink stain * Cryptococcus neoformans— GMS stain * The opportunistic molds mucormycosis and aspergillosis are uncommon infections almost always limited to im