美国进步时代的思想潜流——伦道夫·伯恩思想分析-ideological undercurrent in the era of american progress - an analysis of randolph byrnes thoughts.docx

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美国进步时代的思想潜流——伦道夫·伯恩思想分析-ideological undercurrent in the era of american progress - an analysis of randolph byrnes thoughts.docx

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美国进步时代的思想潜流——伦道夫·伯恩思想分析-ideological undercurrent in the era of american progress - an analysis of randolph byrnes thoughts

AbstractThelatenineteenthandtheearlytwentiethcenturywasoneofthemostimpressiveperiodsinAmericanhistory.Itwascalled“progressiveera”becauseaseriesofproblemsmadebytherapiddevelopmentofeconomicandurbanizationinseveraldecadesafterthecivilwarbrokeouttogetheratthistimearousealltheclasses,especiallythemiddleclasstorethinkandreformtheAmericansociety.Thisthesischoosesamiddle-classintellectualRandolphBourneinprogressiveeraasacase,takingtheviewpointofideologytoanalyzetherelationshipbetweenRandolphBourne’sideasandthemainstreamideasandthestatusofBourne’sideasinthehistoryofAmericanthought.ThispaperthroughBourne’sideasintheprogressiveera,ontheonehandclarifiesthesocialbackgroundundertheprogressiveera.Ontheotherhand,thethesisalsoexplainshowtheundercurrentsofthoughtinthaterainfluencedthedevelopmentoftheAmericanthoughtafterwardssothatwecanknowthetrendofthehistoryofAmericanthought.Theprogressiveerahadthesamesituationwiththeothersocialtransformationerasinthehistorythatisthehugechangesineconomicfieldandpoliticalfieldwillinfluencethethoughtfield.Attheturnofthe20thcenturyAmericanthoughtfieldbegantosuspectthelaissez-fairewhichwasthemainideainthepastcentury,andhopedtofoundanewideawhichadapttothemodernAmericatoinsteadit.Consequently,JohnDeweyspragmatismphilosophygraduallybecamethemainstreamoftheperiodwhichhadthedeepinfluence.RandolphBourneasthestudentofJohnDeweyhasbeenmuchinfluencedbyDeweyshouldhavebeenastrongpragmatism.However,BournehadhisownwayandeventuallyheholdthetotallydifferentstandpointfromDewey’sontheAmericaattendthewar.ThealmostwholeAmericansagreedtoattendthewarmadeBournestandtheoppositesideofthepatriotismtobecametheminorities,sodidhisideas.Actually,RandolphBourne’sthoughtabouttheradicalyouth,pragmaticeducation,thediversityofcultureandthedestructionofthewarshownhisforward-looking,radical,literarycriticismandthefeatureofthedisabled.Therefore,Bournebackedtopeople’seyesagainaftertheendofWorldWarI,andeventodayhealsogothighaffirmationmadebytheacademic.Fromtheview,studyingthe“forgottenprophe