基于PLC与变频器的桥式起重机控制系统设计论文.doc

PAGE II PAGE I 摘 要 桥式起重机是一种典型物料搬运机械,在企业生产活动中应用广泛作用显著,本文针对应用于运输的桥式起重机进行研究改进，由于起重机工作环境复杂，作业负荷大而频繁，机械振动冲击严重，而传统的桥式起重控制系统主要采用继电器接触器进行控制,采用交流绕线串电阻的方法进行启动和调速,这种控制系统存在可靠性差,操作复杂,故障率高，电能浪费大,效率低等缺点。因此对桥式起重机控制系统进行研究具有现实意义，采用平滑的调速是解决问题的有效手段。本文针对桥式起重机控制系统中存在的上述问题,把可编程序控制器和变频器应用于桥式起重机控制系统上, 可以实现起重机电机速度的调节，满足节约能源和适应生产的需要，具有节能、减少机械磨损，启动性能好等诸多优点。 关键词：可编程序控制器;桥式起重机;变频调速;变频器 Abstract Bridge crane is a typical handling materials, widely used to production, thus it is very vital to improve the efficiency of bridge cranes and ensure the safety and reliability of the operation and reduce the cost of handling material. Aiming at bridge crane used to convey, it is studied. Due to work environment of the crane complex, Homework loadly and frequent, mechanical vibration shock serious, and the traditional bridge crane control system is mainly controlled by electric relay, using the method of communication winding resistance to start and speed. But the shortcomings in it are poor reliability, complex operation, high failure, wasteful energy and low efficiency. Thus resrarch aiming at bridge crane control system has a very significance. Aiming at solving the problems of above-mentioned, PLC and frequency converter are applied to bridge crane, realizing crane motor speed regulation, meeting to save energy and to adapt to the needs of production, having reduced energy, mechanical properties, etc. Keywords: programmable logic controller；bridge crane; frequency control； frequency changer 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc 前言 PAGEREF _Toc \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1 桥式起重机的简介 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.1 桥式起重机的概述 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.2 桥式起重机的结构 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.3 传统桥式起重机控制系统存在的问题 PAGEREF _Toc \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.4 桥式起重机调速技术的发展概况 PAGEREF _Toc \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2 总体设计 PAGEREF _Toc \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1 问题提出 PAGEREF _Toc \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.2 起重机控制系统总体方案 PAGEREF _Toc \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.3 各机构的安全保护及检