工业能源效率：国际最好实践的例子.pptVIP

工业领域的重要性Importance of Industrial Sector 全球范围内，工业领域占全球总能耗和与之相关的CO2排放量的37%。 Globally, the industrial sector accounts for 37% of energy use and energy-related CO2 emissions 这一比重在发展中国家更高，因为这些国家的基础设施建设和城市化进程对工业原料的需求更大。 Share is higher in developing countries, where infrastructure construction and urbanization places heavy demands on industrial materials 取决于定义的不同，中国的工业领域占了全国总能耗的60%到70%。 Depending upon how it is defined, industrial sector in China accounts for 60% to 70% of all energy consumption 工业领域的重要性Importance of Industrial Sector 工业领域的重要性Importance of Industrial Sector 如何降低工业能耗How to Reduce Industrial Energy Use 转向能耗较低的产业 Shift to Less-Intensive Industries 在工业化阶段，这一措施难以执行 Difficult during industrialization phase 中国已是“世界工厂” China is “world’s factory” 改善工业基础 Improve Industrial Base 新设施：设计标准（执行力是关键） New facilities: design standards (enforcement is important) 现有设施：更新老旧的，低效的设备，淘汰效率最低的设备设施 Existing facilities: replace old, inefficient equipment, close down most inefficient facilities 所需条件：Requires: 新的，高效的技术 New, efficient technologies 可从国外引进或运用国内技术 Import or produce domestically 创新的，有效的政策和方案 Innovative and effective policies and programs 工业能源效率政策和方案Industrial Energy Efficiency Policies and Programs 重点政策和方案 Key Policies and Programs 法规/标准 Regulation/Standards 能源或CO2税收政策 Energy or CO2 Taxes 排放交易方案 Emissions Trading 协议/目标 Agreements/Targets 金融支持和奖励 Financial Assistance and Incentives 基准 Benchmarking 审计/评估 Audits/Assessments 报告 Reporting 信息传播和示范 Information Dissemination and Demonstration 政府和公众的认可 Government and Public Recognition 最有效的方案是将以上大部分要素都结合的方案。 Most effective programs are those that combine many of these elements 工业能源效率政策和方案Industrial Energy Efficiency Policies and Programs 国际案例 International Examples 荷兰长期能效协议 Netherlands Long-Term Agreements 英国气候变化税和气候变化协议 UK Climate Change Levy and Climate Change Agreements 美国工业能源之星 U.S. Energy Star for Industry 美国能源部工业技术项目 U.S. Department of Energy Industrial Technologies Program 荷兰 -长期能效协议Netherlands Long-Term Agre