异相型游梁式抽油机的设计.docVIP

PAGE PAGE III 异相型游梁式抽油机设计 摘 要 抽油设备中，以游梁式抽油机最为普遍，数量也最多。游梁式抽油机具有机构简单、可靠性高等优点，因而在油田得到了广泛应用。随着石油工业的发展，目前，为了增加抽油机的适应性、可靠性、经济性和先进性，提高抽油效率，减少动力消耗，改善抽油机的运动特性、动力特性与平衡特性。因此国内外抽油机的总的发展趋势是向着超大载荷，长冲程，低冲次，精确平衡，自动化，智能化，节能化，高适应性方向发展。 异相型游梁式抽油机是油田应用最为广泛的一种节能型抽油机。它的设计原理与方法对抽油设备具有通用性。本文介绍了异相型游梁式抽油机工作原理与节能原理，进行了运动学和动力学分析计算、平衡计算。为此，将曲柄回转运动分成24等分，逐点计算悬点的光杆因数、扭矩因数、加速度、载荷值；曲柄扭矩计算、平衡率计算及交变载荷系数计算等。由于计算工作量大，在手算基础上采用了计算机的Excel软件优选了抽油机的几何尺寸。 对主要部件进行了选择计算，合理选择电动机和双圆弧齿轮减速器，设计了窄V带传动装置。最后对各结构进行了应力和强度校核。 设计显示：如果异相型游梁式抽油机的几何尺寸得到优化，节能效果是显著的。 关键字：异相型抽油机，扭矩因数，悬点载荷，净扭矩 Abstract Pumping equipment, with the most common beam pumping unit, also most. beam pumping unit has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, and has been widely applied in the field. Along with the development of the petroleum industry, now, in order to increase the adaptability of the pumping unit, reliability, economy and advanced, improve the efficiency of oil, reduce power consumption, improve the motion characteristics and pumping dynamic characteristics and balance. So the general development trend and pumping unit is large load, and long stroke to flush times, low precision balance, automation, energy saving, intelligent, and high adaptability. Out-of-phase type beam pumping unit is the most widely used oil pumping unit is an energy-saving. Its design principle and method of pumping equipment. The paper introduces the beam pumping unit type out-of-phase working principle and the energy saving principle, kinematics and dynamics analysis and calculation, the equilibrium calculation. Therefore, will turn into twenty-four equal crank movement point, the calculation of strength factor, hanging point torque factor, acceleration, load value, Crank torque calculation, balance ratio and alternating load coefficient calculation, etc. Due to the big workload is calculated based on the hand, using computers Excel the optimum geometric dimension of the pumping unit. The choice of main components, reasonable choice of double