高三复习语法讲座 -ing用作主语、宾语和表语.pptVIP

* * * 高三复习语法讲座 -ing用作主语、宾语和表语 V-ing used as Subject, Object and Predicative 1. V-ing 做主语应注意以下几点: (1) v-ing 做主语时,谓语动词一般用单数 eg: Learning new words is very useful to me. 学习新单词对我非常有用. Writing is her job. 写作是他的工作 v-ing 做主语和不定式做主语的区别 : v-ing 做主语时,表示经 常性,习惯性的抽象动作;不定式做主语时,表示具体的,将来的动 作. eg: Getting up early is a good habit. 早起床是一种好习惯. To finish the work in a week is impossible. 要在一周内完成这项工作是不可能的. 注：在it作形式主语的句型中，在以下词作表语时后接v-ing 做真正的主语。这些词为①形容词good/ nice/ interesting/ useless/ worth etc. ②名词fun/ good/ joy/ use eg: It is no use crying. 哭是没有用的。 (3) 为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如： It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 Its a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。 2. V-ing 做宾语： (1)在以下及物动词之后只能接v-ing 做宾语,不能接不定式。这些动词有: mind/finish/admit/advise/avoid/enjoy/excuse/risk/ miss/suggest/imagine/dislike/consider/escape/ include/keep/pardon/practise /deny/stand 短语有：give up/put off/ set about/ object to/ insist on /can’t help/stick to/ admit to/ Prefer…to…/be used to…/lead to/ devote oneself to/look forward to…/be busy in… (2) 以下及物动词后即可接不定式又可接v-ing 做宾语,但两者 有区别. remember to do 记住要做的事 remember doing 记得过去曾经做过某事 I remember to meet her at the station. I remember seeing her once somewhere. forget to do 忘记要做的事 forget doing 忘记了过去做过的事 regret to do 对现在要发生的事表示“遗憾，抱歉” regret doing 对已经发生的事表示“后悔” I forgot to tell you about it. Now here it is. I forgot giving it to you yesterday. I regret not working hard. I regret to hear of your sister’s death mean to do 打算，想要 mean doing 意味着， 意思是--- try to do 设法/试图（表目的） try doing 试一试 （表手段） stop to do 停下正做的事而去做另一件事（to do作目的状语） stop doing 停止做某事 Try knocking at the back door. We must try to get everything ready. That will mean flooding some land. I had meant to go on Monday. He stopped to take a rest. They stopped talking. 3.V-ing 作表语 : (1)v-ing 做表语的两种不同含义： ①-ing作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么。这时它是动名词,动名词做表语时,表语和主语常可互换位置 eg: His duty is cleaning t