流体机械外文翻译外文文献英文文献离心式和往复式压缩机的工作效率特性xt7kum1y.docVIP

原文 Efficiency And Operating Characteristics Of Centrifugal And Reciprocating Compressors By Rainer Kurz, Bernhard Winkelmann, and Saeid iVIokhatab Reciprocating compressors and centrifugal compressors have different operating characteristics and use different eificiency definitions. This article provides guidelines for an equitable comparison, resulting in a universal efficiency definition for both types of machines. The comparison is based on the requirements in which a user is ultimately interested. Further, the impact of actual pipeline operating conditions and the impact on efficiency at different load levels is evaluated. At first glance, calculating the efficiency for any type of compression seems to be straightforward: comparing the work required of an ideal compression process with the work required of an actual compression process. The difficulty is correctly defining appropriate system boundaries that include losses associated with the compression process. Unless these boundaries are appropriately defined, comparisons between centrifugal and reciprocating compressors become flawed. We also need to acknowledge that the efficiency definitions, even when evaluated equitably, still dont completely answer one of the operators main concerns: What is the driver power required for the compression process?To accomplish this, mechanical losses in the compression systems need to be discussed. Trends in efficiency should also be considered over time, such as off-design conditions as they are imposed by typical pipeline operations, or the impact of operating hours and associated degradation on the compressors. The compression equipment used for pipelines involves either reciprocating compressors or centrifugal compressors. Centrifugal compressors are driven by gas turbines, or by electricmotors. The gas turbines used are, in general,two-shaft engines and the electric motor drives use either variable speed motors, or variable speed gearboxes. Reciprocating co