《工业有机合成》(第九章节)讲义.pptVIP

* Chapter 9 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions and their Industrial Possibilities 9.1 General Introduction of oxidation 1. The reaction types +O in organic compounds both -H and +O in organic compounds organic compounds oxidation and decomposition organic compounds ammoniac-oxidized Epoxy-ethane Cyano-compound * 2. can be made by the oxidation reactions ROH Epoxy-compound Cyano-compound * 3. The general features of the oxidation reactions 1）The oxidizing agents The gas phase oxygen O2 cheaper, without the instrument damage, but lower oxidizing –ability need catalytic. Oxygen atom [O] generated from the chemical oxidizing agents, high oxidizing-abilities, high selection, mild reaction conditions, but high cost. * 2) Strong heat releasing reactions 3) Unconverted reaction 4) Multi-reaction ways and with by-reactions In order to obtained the target oxidized compound, the suitable way must be selected * The air is flowed into the organic compound in liquid phase under the action of catalytic, then the compound is oxidized, this kind of reaction has been called the air liquid phase oxidation reaction 9.2 Air liquid phase oxidation reactions Definition for the reaction requirement A: special reactor：air-flowing-style reactor B: catalytic (soluble in the organic liquid) * 9.2.1 The reaction process Some organic compounds ＋ O2 Automatic react The reaction very slow Increasing the reaction Catalytic or initiation agent ＋ * The automatic oxidation Typical free radical chain-style reaction B: Chain transfer C: Chain termination A: Chain initiation * 1. The chain initiation * 2. The Chain transfer * 3. The chain termination * 9.2.2 The elements of influence the automatic oxidation 1. Initiation agents and catalytic 1) + initiation agent →the organic compound to be oxidized easy 2) + catalytic ( the transitional metal ion, such as: Co2+ , Mn2+, Fe3+, V5+ etc.) → the activation energy of the organic compound to be reduced * 2. The influence of