英语专业必备胡壮麟语言学笔记汇总.docVIP

Chapter 1 Invitations to linguistics 1.2 what is language Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols for human communication 1.3 design features of language arbitrariness: there is no connection between the words; sound and its meaning duality: the property of having two levels of structures creativity(productivity): users can produce sentences they have never heard before. Its potential to create endless sentences by recursiveness. displacement: language can be used to refer to the context removed from the immediate situation of the speakers. cultural transmission: language is passed o