开发 XML 应用程序外文翻译.docxVIP

附录二 西电科大经管院毕业论文 The world of XML is vast and growing, with a huge variety of standards and technologies that interact in complex ways. It can be difficult for beginners to navigate the most important aspects of XML, and for users to keep track of new entries and changes in the space. Extensible Markup Language, or XML, provides a way to mark up content that adds information about its purpose. With the information stored using XML, an application known as a parser can reliably extract the relevant information and process it accordingly for multiple situations. XML can be used in a wide variety of applications, but the bottom line is this: Its a way to represent data. In some cases, that data is intended for a database; in others, its meant to be read by a person. Technologies related to both of these uses, such as data validation and XSL Transformations, have been evolving along with XML itself. XML includes the ability to validate, or confirm, the structure and (to some extent) content of a document. Validating a document helps to prevent problems when the data interacts with an application that expects a particular structure, which is particularly useful when XML must interact with non-XML legacy systems. The initial XML 1.0 Recommendation includes support for Document Type Definitions (DTDs), which provide some validation capabilities. W3C XML Schemas extend those capabilities and provide a more XML-like syntax. Data encapsulated in XML can be used in a number of ways. One common means of manipulating it is through the use of Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT), which enable developers to define operations that must be performed on an XML document to produce a specific result. This ability to transform information on the fly makes it possible to use a single source for multiple outputs, whether those outputs lead to different databases or to different browsers. XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO) is a powerful, flexible XML vocabulary for formatting