环境生态学Chapter 7幻灯片课件.pptVIP

Chapter 7;7.1.2 Two Kinds of Value ;The value of natural species ;7.2 Biodiversity 7.2.1 Concept; The number of species is counted in a gradually enlarged area of sampling, the result is a curve. The number of species rises rapidly at first, but it slows as the area of sampling increases because the same species are encountered again and again. ;Figure 7.1 Preserving 50% of total habitat area often leaves about 90% of the original species remaining alive ;;;Change physical environment: 1.Habitat disruption;;;;One is that small populations may have breeding problems. The second cause is that small populations are much more easily wiped out by random environmental fluctuations;The smallest population size needed to stay above the extinction vortex is often called the minimum viable population (MVP);;;;7.2.4 Reasons for Decline of Biodiversity Physical Alteration of Habitats The Population Factor Exotic Species Overuse ;;Adopt specific national biodiversity action plans and strategies Establish a system of protected areas and ecosystems within the country Establish policies that provide incentives to promote sus-tainable use of biological resources ;Restore habitats that have been degraded. Protect threatened species. Respect and preserve knowledge and practices of indigenous peoples. Respect the ownership of genetic resources by countries, and share the technologies developed from those resources.