苏教牛津译林9AU2语从句语法.docVIP

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苏教牛津译林9AU2语从句语法

一、宾语从句概念: 宾语从句:句子在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。 I like my teacher.(名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语) I decide to study hard.(不定式作宾语) I know Mr. Li .(代词作宾语) I’m surprised at meeting you here.(动名词作宾语) I’m glad to meet you here.(不定式作宾语) I’m surprised at what you have done(句子作宾语) I’m glad that I can meet you here.(句子作宾语) I like what I do. (句子作宾语) I know Mr. Li teaches English. (句子作宾语) She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语) 宾语从句三要素(1) 连接词 (2) 语序 (3)时态 (一)宾语从句的连接词 根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。 (1)that引导 (2)if/whether引导 (3)连接代词 who whom whose what which 连接副词 when why where how 一)that引导的宾语从句 宾语从句是指一个句子充当宾语,在主句与从句之间有一个引导词。 1.These flowers are from Guangdong. He says. He says_______ these flowers are from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. He tells. He tells me _____ light travels faster than sound. 3.There will be a meeting in five days. Jack doesn’t know. Jack doesn’t know _____ there will be a meeting in five days. A.引导词本身的省略与不省略 1.that可以省略 连词that引导宾语从句,只起连接主、从句的作用,它本身无意义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如: He says( that) he is a Young Pioneer. 他说他是个少先队员。 2.that不可以省略 (1)从句的主语是that时,that不省略。如: We know that that is an interesting story. 我们知道那是一个有趣的故事。 (2) that引导的宾语从句中若再有复合句时,that不能省略。如: I think that if you have lost the library book, you must pay for it. 我认为如果你已把图书馆的书丢失了,你就必须赔偿。 (3)主、从句之间有插入语时,that不能省略。如: It says here, in the newspaper, that English is getting more and more important. 报纸上写着,英语正变得越来越重要。 B.何时使用that引导的宾语从句 that引导的宾语从句,表示陈述一件事,即由陈述句转化而来。如: He says( that) he is listening to the weather report. 他说他正在听天气预报。 主句的谓语动词是think,hear,hope,wish,remember,forget,know,say,guess等时,常接that引导的宾语从句。如: I hope( that) he will be fine soon.我希望他很快好起来。 2. 主句由“连系动词+形容词”构成的“系表”结构,常接that引导的宾语从句。这类形容词多表示感情,如happy,glad,pleased,sad,sure,afraid等等。如: Im afraid( that) he cant come.恐怕他不能来了。 二)if和whether引导的宾语从句 1.何时使用if或whether引导的宾语从句 if或whether引导宾语从句时,作“是否”讲,常放在动、词ask,see,say,don’t know,wonder, doubt和find out等后面。一般情况下,两者常

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