上海中考英语首字母填专项练习.doc

模块十九：首字母填空 一、首字母填空解题技巧 首字母填空是阅读体中的一个重点和难点，但是只要掌握良好的解题技巧，静下心来认真对待，细心捉摸就一定能攻克这一堡垒。在做这道题是一般应该把握好如下步骤： 通读全文，理解短文大意，判断需填选项的词性，同时将一眼能够得出的答案迅速填上。 在理解作者的写作意图上进行换位思考，把自己想象成作者去努力使文章完整、通顺。对于一下子拿不定主意的空项要及时跳过，而不能在上面纠缠，因为往往后面的内容会给予更好的提示。 进一步阅读全文，力求整篇文章完整通顺，且符合情理，否则宁缺勿乱。 检查每一个答案的正确性，包括名词的数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的准确运用等等。 二、例题分析： A The earth moves round the s 1 . When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is d? 2? .When our part of the earth turns a? 3?? from the sun, it is night. The sun is much bigger than the moon. But sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun, because it is much n? 4?? to the earth.The sun is very bright. It gives very strong l? 5? . The moon looks quite bright, but it d? 6?? give any light at all. The light from the moon comes f? 7?? the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter t? 8?? the stars. But in fact the stars are a lot bigger and brighter than the m? 9? . They look smaller than the moon because they are f? 10?? away from the earth. 【解题指导】??? 本文是一篇科普文章。第一段说明了地球因自转而产生昼夜交替。第二、四两段说明了人们观看月亮、太阳和星星时发生的近大远小的视觉现象，第三段说明了太阳与月亮发光与反光的特征。本文每一个考点都是对天文知识的考查。因此，没有一定的天文常识，则不易读懂本文，更不用说解题了。近年来，中考完形填空的题材趋于多样化。人物、科普、史地、故事、政治、经济、风土人情，均为选材范围，这就要求考生知识广博、视野开阔、广泛涉猎。 【答案及简析】??? 1. sun. 地球围绕太阳运转是天文常识。??? 2. day. 地球面对太阳的半个球面是白天。??? 3. away. turn away from意为“背离”。地球上背对太阳的一面是夜晚。??? 4. nearer. much 后接比较级。和太阳比起来月亮离地球近多了。??? 5. light. give light意为“发光”。太阳是发光体。??? 6. doesn’t. 月亮不发光。??? 7. from. 月亮反射太阳的光，人们所看到的月亮的光来自于太阳。??? 8. than. 由空前的bigger and brighter 可知，此处应填表示比较的连词than。??? 9. moon. 根据文意，下句的they代指空格所在句子的主语the stars。因此两句中than后的应是同一物，即moon。??? 10. farther. 恒星看起来比月亮小，是因为它们离地球比月亮远。从句中的than the moon承前省略。此空仍应该用比较级。 B Dogs are good pets. They are very f? 1?? to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c? 2?? and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s? 3arrives.? When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s? 4? buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigg