《基于MCU控制的步进电机驱动器设计》-毕业论文.doc

摘 要 为了减小步距角, 提高分辨率, 增加步进电动机运行的平稳性, 提出了细分驱动的解决方案;采用线性与正弦相叠加的电流细分方案，以高速、高性能C8051F020单片机为核心，结合步进电机驱动芯片L297／298，设计出步进电机的斩波恒流细分驱动控制系统。此驱动系统的电路结构简单，由于步进电机运行所需的步进脉冲主要有L297产生的，大大降低了MCU与程序设计的负担。实际运行表明，步进电机运行稳定，具有步距角小、转矩恒定、功耗低等优点，提高了定位准确度，达到精密控制的目的。 关键字：步进电机 C8051F020 细分驱动 L297／298 Abstract In order to improve resolution of step motor control system and eliminate the mechanical resonance caused by low frequency, a step motor control system based on micro-step technology was presented. By applying linearity adding sin micro current step method with high speed and performance microprocessor C8051F020 as the kernel，combining with blending step motor driving chip L297／298，the driving control system of step motor of switch-mode and constant current was designed. The circuit diagram of the control system is simply, due to the step pulse for the step motor run demand was produce by L297, reduce the burden of MCU and programmer. The experiment shows that the control system runs stably with the merit of little stepping angle unvaried torque and low power consumption and has the higher precision in the running of step motor. Keywords: step motor C8051F020 fine driving L297／298 目录 TOC \o 2-3 \h \z \t 标题 1,1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416427 第一章 引言 PAGEREF _Toc263416427 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416428 1．1步进电机的概述 ………………………………………………………………. PAGEREF _Toc263416428 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416429 1．2步进电机的驱动技术及发展 PAGEREF _Toc263416429 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416430 1.2.1步进电机驱动技术 PAGEREF _Toc263416430 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416431 1.2.2步进电机的驱动软件技术 PAGEREF _Toc263416431 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416432 1.3步进电机的细分驱动技术 PAGEREF _Toc263416432 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416433 第二章 基于单片机的二相步进电机细分驱动系统 PAGEREF _Toc263416433 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416434 2.1步进电机的结构特点与工作原理 PAGEREF _Toc263416434 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416435 2.1.1混合式式步进电机的特点 PAGEREF _Toc263416435 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416436 2.1.2混合式步进电机的基本工作原理 PAGEREF _Toc263416436 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc263416437 2.2 C