燃烧学理论方法及应用(船舶排放).pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * DWI “two-needle type” injection nozzle for fuel and water In the CVCC, two injectors of a single nozzle hole come in contact with each other at their tips to simulate combined spray trajectories of DWI. Both injectors were electronically controlled to make it easy to synchronize all the data acquisi-tion in one injection event. Fuel nozzle has φ0.16 mm single hole and hydraulic boost was applied to set fuel injection pressure at 50 MPa. Water spray came out through a φ0.23 mm nozzle hole under 25 MPa of injec-tion pressure. DWI effect on coaxial spray / flame propagation Effect of water spray momentum along fuel spray trajectory In the visual engine, true single-injector type DWI had to be applied because of space limitation. Both nozzles had 4 holes drilled within 40 degrees of conical angle. Hole diameter for water was φ 0.36 mm and the diameter for fuel was φ 0.23 mm. For compatibility with a conventional construction, the fuel injection line was mechanically controlled to 100 MPa of injection pressure, whereas water injection line was electronically actuated un-der 26 MPa or 14 MPa of injection pressure through logic valves synchronized with engine rotation. Computational grid in KIVA III and close-up of combustion chamber Tested conditions for no water case and DWI configurations in visual engine Heat release rates at tested conditions in visual engine ?Higher temperature area in no water case A covered the base of sprays as well as their tips. Maxi-mum temperature reached to as high as 2400 K, so that NOx could generate briskly during the early combustion phase. This means water supply into the vicinity of spray roots is desirable. ? Flame temperature was clearly dropped by DWI system. For case D, for example, flame temperature reduction was from 250 to 300 K with water having 50 % o