复合型动压阻尼器的性能研究-机械电子工程专业论文.docx

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 为减小阀控缸液压系统中瞬时压力冲击所产生的振动和噪声，或增加系统阻尼以改 善控制性能，设计出一种复合型动压阻尼器。与传统液压阻尼器相比，该阻尼器不仅具 有较宽的频宽，其阻尼比调节范围也较大。本文采用理论建模、计算机仿真和试验验证 相结合的研究方法，对复合型动压阻尼器的性能进行了研究。 通过研究国内外动压反馈和动压阻尼器相关技术，本文分析了两种传统动压阻尼器 结构形式和工作原理，并建立数学模型进行仿真研究。在此基础上，提出一种结构紧凑、 参数可调的复合型动压阻尼器，并对其进行结构设计和工作原理分析。为考察该阻尼器 的性能特点，建立了加装复合型动压阻尼器的阀控缸液压系统数学模型，从系统的频率 特性和阻尼比增量两个方面对带动压反馈装置的阀控缸系统进行仿真分析，得出复合型 动压阻尼器主要参数对系统性能的影响。 在改变动压阻尼器节流孔孔径及蓄能器的充气压力的条件下，通过船舶舵机液压系 统试验台对阀控缸两端的压力冲击进行了试验分析，得出了节流孔孔径和蓄能器的充气 压力对压力冲击的影响特性曲线。 理论仿真分析和试验结果表明，复合型动压阻尼器性能稳定，可增加比例阀控制液 压系统及阀控缸的位置伺服系统的阻尼，提高了系统稳定性，降低了压力脉动和液压冲 击。 关键词：伺服系统 阀控缸 动压反馈 复合型动压阻尼器 阻尼比 II II Abstract AbstractIn order to decrease the vibration and noise which produced by instantaneous pressure impact in valve-controlled cylinder of hydraulic system, and increase the system damping, a compound dynamic damper was designed to improve system performance. It not only has a wide frequency distribution but also has large damping ratio tuning range comparing with traditional dynamic damper. The research method combined with theory study, computer modeling simulation, and experimental research is adopted in this dissertation to research to study the properties of compound dynamic damper. Abstract On the basis of studying foreign and domestic dynamic pressure feedback and dynamic damper. The structure form and working principle of traditional dynamic damper was analyzed, and mathematical model was established for simulation research. On this basis, this paper presents a compound dynamic damper which has compact structure and adjustable parameters, and analyses its structure design and principle. The mathematical model of valve-controlled cylinder of hydraulic system which has compound dynamic damper was established in order to study its performance characteristics, and the valve-controlled cylinder of hydraulic system was simulated with frequency characteristic and damping ratio increment, Then achieved the main parameters of compound dynamic damper which have influence on