光电子学第章_介质波导与光纤.ppt

Chapter 2 Dielectric Waveguides and Optical Fiber 2.1 Symmetric planar dielectric Slab waveguide 2.2 dispersion in the planar waveguide 2.3 Step index fiber 2.4 Numerical aperture 2.5 Dispersion in single mode fibers 2.6 Dispersion, electrical, and optical bandwidth 2.7 The graded index optical fiber 2.8 Light absorption and scattering 2.9 Attenuation in optical fibers 2.10 Fiber manufacture “The introduction of optical fiber systems will revolutionize the communications network. The low-transmission loss and the large bandwidth capability of the fiber systems allow signals to be transmitted for establishing communications contacts over large distance with few or no provisions of intermediate amplification.” —Charles K.Kao Terminology Waveguide :波导 Further Phase Change of φ：附加相位φ； Optical Path Length（OPL）：光程； Constructive Interference：相长干涉，相干加强； Destructive Interference：相消干涉，相干减弱； Phase Difference (PD)：相位差； Optical Path Difference (OPD):光程差； Polarization State of Light Wave ：光波偏振态 State of Polarization （SOP）:偏振态 Field Pattern：场图 Resultant Wave：合成波； Standing Wave ：驻波； Terminology Wavevector ：波矢 Single Mode Waveguide (SM waveguide):单模波导 Multimode Waveguide (MM waveguide):多模波导 Normalized Thickness :归一化膜厚 Normalized Frequency: 归一化化频率 V-number: V 数 Cut-off Wavelength:截至波长 Transverse Electric field mode:横电场模式 Transverse Magnetic field mode:横磁场模式 Mode Field Width (MFW): 模场宽度 Mode Field Diameter (MFW): 模场宽度 Constant phase wavefront：等相位面 To understand the general nature of light wave propagation in optical waveguides, we first consider the planer dielectric slab waveguide shown in Figure 2.1, which is the simplest waveguide in terms of tractable analysis. A slab of dielectric of thickness 2a and refractive index n1 is sandwiched between two semi-infinite regions both of refractive index n2(n2 n1). The region of higher refractive index (n1) is called core and the region of lower refractive index n2 sandwiching the core is called the claddi