基于Linux的嵌入式路由器软件的设计与实现-计算机应用专业论文.docxVIP

I I 基于 Linux 的嵌入式路由器软件的设计与实现 中文摘要 中文摘要 路由器作为网络的核心设备，已经越来越受到人们的重视。随着网络的不断 普及，哪怕在家庭中，也广泛使用了路由器，为此，路由器技术的研发已具有普 遍化意义和实用价值。 本文从嵌入式的概念着手，继而介绍了本系统所使用硬件开发平台，设计与 实现中所必须的开发环境和工具链，详细阐述了目标板引导程序 uBoot 的移植过 程；接着分析了 Linux 操作系统的运行原理，以及如何移植 Linux 到开发板，并在 该精简的内核的基础上，完成了根文件系统、嵌入式 WEB 服务、PPPoE 拨号服务、 DHCP 服务，以及防火墙等的模块。最后，对所实现的系统进行了功能和性能的测 试与分析。 本文的具体设计与实现包括以下几个方面： 1. 进一步研究嵌入式系统的相关理论，独立构建交叉编译环境，在开发板上 完成 BootLoad 和 Linux 的移植。 2. 深入研究 Linux 的内核机理，尤其是对网络协议栈的分析。 3. 完成根文件系统、嵌入式 WEB 服务、PPPoE 拨号服务和 DHCP 服务的设计 和实现。 4. 深入讨论了数据包的收发、CGI、NAT 以及 Firewall 的实现。 5. 对整个系统进行了功能和性能的测试，并得出了分析报告。 关键字：Li nux、嵌入式、路由器、固件、 作 者：徐向前 指导老师：李 蓥 II II Abstract The design and implementation of embedded routers software based on Linux The design and implementation of embedded routers software based on Linux Abstract It has been paid more and more close attention to routers as the core equipment of network. With the growing popularity of the network, the routers are extensive used even in the family. Therefore, the technology research and development for routers already has a universal significance and practical value. Start with the concept of embedded system, this paper has introduced the platform of hardware development, development environment needed for design and implementation and its tool chain, then explained detailed procedures of the migration process for target board with the uBoot, and then analyzed the working principle of Linux operating system and how to transplant Linux OS to the development board, completed the modules of root file system, embedded WEB service, PPPoE dial-up service, DHCP service, firewall and etc based on streamlined kernel. Finally, the functionality and performance testing and analysis have been achieved in this paper. Specific designs and implementations are as follows: Further study the theory of embedded systems, build the cross-compiler environment independently, and the transplantation of BootLoad and Linux on the development board. Study Linux kernel mechanism in depth, especi