无线网络技术.ppt

无线网络技术 张宝贤 2006年9月9日 Email: bxzhang@ 回顾 上一次课中我们讲述了无线网络的概况、 现状、应用和发展，主要包括 无线局域网、移动蜂窝网络(3G)、无线自组织网络、无线传感器网络、WiMax、蓝牙等 我们的课程将主要集中在以下几个方面 基础知识：传输技术、天线与传播、调制、扩频编码与差错控制 WLAN、卫星通信、移动IP、MANET、WMN、Celluar Ad Hoc网络、无线 TCP 、无线传感器网络、BLUETOOTH 、WiMax、未来无线网络， 主要包括网络体系结构、协议架构、组网问题、MAC、可靠通信、路由问题 涉及到一些移动蜂窝网络方面的架构和方案，但不会太多 课件位置 FTP site : Account : student Password: student 具体位置 ./incoming/无线网络技术/… Transmission Fundamentals(传输基础） Chapter 2 Electromagnetic Signal(电磁波) Function of time Can also be expressed 　as a function of frequency Signal consists of components of different frequencies Time-Domain Concepts Analog signal - signal intensity varies in a smooth fashion over time No breaks or discontinuities in the signal Digital signal - signal intensity maintains a constant level for some period of time and then changes to another constant level Periodic signal - analog or digital signal pattern that repeats over time s(t +T ) = s(t ) -? t + ? where T is the period of the signal Time-Domain Concepts Aperiodic signal - analog or digital signal pattern that doesnt repeat over time Peak amplitude (A) - maximum value or strength of the signal over time; typically measured in volts Frequency (f ) Rate, in cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz) at which the signal repeats Time-Domain Concepts Period (T ) - amount of time it takes for one repetition of the signal T = 1/f Phase (?) - measure of the relative position in time within a single period of a signal Wavelength (?) - distance occupied by a single cycle of the signal Or, the distance between two points of corresponding phase of two consecutive cycles Sine Wave Parameters General sine wave s(t ) = A sin(2?ft + ?) Figure 2.3 shows the effect of varying each of the three parameters (a) A = 1, f = 1 Hz, ? = 0; thus T = 1s (b) Reduced peak amplitude; A=0.5 (c) Increased frequency; f = 2, thus T = ? (d) Phase shift; ? = ?/4 radians (45 degrees) note: 2? radians = 360° = 1 period Sine Wave Parameters Time vs. Distance Whe