基于单片机的功率过载保护器的设计.doc

最新精品文档，知识共享！ PAGE 摘 要 在深孔钻、攻丝等深孔加工时，要特别注意对刀具的保护。目前，对刀具的保护形式多样。本文吸取各自的特点，结合实际工程应用，选择以单片机为核心，设计出一种通过检测主电机功率来间接检测刀具扭矩的高性能功率过载保护器。该保护器带有一个学习系统，在新刀具加工第一个零件系统进行示教，即测出功率实际值，然后将此值乘以一个安全系数从而得到一个保护刀具的极限值，作为报警极限。以功率变送器作为传感器，对刀架的主电机功率进行实时的监控，并将功率值转换为直流电压信号，再通过滤波电路及AD转换器，得到数字量送入单片机。单片机对数字量再进行处理并将之于极限值进行比较和判断，实现对刀具状态监控。以继电器作为控制端，通过连用光电隔离器将外部与保护器隔离，以达到高效准确无误的控制。同时通过设计电路来得到稳定的工作电源和利用X5045多用途芯片，以使保护器不仅具有高效性和准确性，同时还具有稳定性。实时检测的功率值若大于极限值，保护器则驱动信号使继电器断开，关掉主电机电源，同时驱动声音报警和光电闪烁报警，从而达到保护的作用。 关键词： 深孔加工 过载保护 单片机 功率监控 刀具状态监控 ABSTRACT At deep hole drilling, tapping and other deep-hole processing, with particular atte-ntion to the protection of the tool. At present, the tool of protection in various forms.In this paper, to draw their own characteristics, combined with practical engineering a-pplications, in order to select single-chip microcomputer as the core, designed by dete-cting the main motor power to indirectly detect the high-performance power tool torque overload protection device. The protective device with a learning system, in the ne-w tooling system for the first parts of teaching, that is, the actual measured power va-lue, then this value multiplied by a factor of safety in order to get a protection tool limits, as the alarm limit. To power the transmitter as a sensor of the main turret mot-or power to conduct real-time monitoring, and power value is converted to DC volta-ge signal, and then through the filter circuit and the AD converter, figure the amount to be sent to single-chip microcomputer. Single-chip digital volume further and to de-al with in the limits to compare and judge, implementation of the tool condition mon-itoring. To the relay as the control side, once a photoelectric isolator through externalisolation and protective device in order to achieve accurate and efficient control. At t-he same time, through the design of the circuit to get a stable job and the use of po-wer multi-purpose chip X5045 to enable the protective device not only has the efficie