典型地铁车站人员疏散模拟与评估安全与环境工程.pdfVIP

典型地铁车站人员疏散模拟与评估1 陈立林 罗恩民 刘冠华 夏张琦 刘晓云 （武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北 武汉 430081） 摘 要：以典型地铁车站为背景，通过FDS 软件模拟、分析车站不同场景下发生火灾时的烟气蔓延过程，得到 火灾状态下楼梯的使用状态，采用Pathfinder 软件建立车站人员疏散模型，模拟、分析 12 种场景下人员疏 散情况，并选择最可能出现的危险场景进行优化分析。分析得到了人员疏散中楼梯的 4 种可用方式；当站内 无列车时，车站的疏散能力都能满足要求；当站内有一辆列车时，火源位于2#位置，人员逃生运动所需时间 为345s，疏散过程中危险性较大，火源位于其他位置时车站逃生能力满足要求；当站内有两辆列车时，仅在 楼梯都可用的情况下满足逃生要求，其他情况下均不能满足要求。优化分析表明加宽 2#楼梯 0.5m 并在出站 检票口增加1 个闸机通道的方案可缩短逃生时间20s。 关键词：地铁车站；人员疏散；FDS；Pathfinder 中图分类号： 文献标识码：A 文章编号： Stimulation and Evaluation of Safety Evacuation in Typical Subway Station CHEN Li-Lin，LUO En-Min, LIU Guan-Hua, XIA Zhang-Qi, LIU Xiao-Yun (College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei Wuhan 430081, China) Abstract: In typical subway station for background, according to the results of computational fire stimulation based on the fire model built through software FDS, the spreading process of flue gas is analyzed in result of the various stair use-patterns in subway fires that originate in different conditions. There are 12 scenarios for evacuation stimulation combining the four stair use-patterns resulted with the amount of train in station. The station safety evacuation models of the 12 scenarios built up with software Pathfinder are used to stimulate and analyze the personnel evacuation situation. Finally, the present article makes optimized analysis of the most likely dangerous scenario. When there were no train in station , the station evacuation ability could meet the requirements; When there were one train in station, and fire originated in # 2 combustion source, personnel escape movement needed time of 345 seconds, suggesting a higher evacuation risk, while