後龙溪流域迳流系数与迳流曲线值之研究谢平城褚思颖摘要目.DOC

後龍溪流域逕流係數與逕流曲線值之研究 謝平城(1) 褚思穎(2) 摘要 目前台灣對於集水區內洪峰逕流量之推估，常採用合理化公式，公式中有關逕流係數之選定，由於水土保持技術規範中逕流係數參考表之訂定範圍過大，常令使用者在選用時感到困惑。由於逕流係數直接影響逕流量之推估，對於工程施做規模之決策影響甚鉅，實有必要進行深入之研究。為此，本研究擬針對後龍溪流域內各種水文因子(如降雨、逕流等)及地文因子(如土地利用型態、土壤類別等)進行相關資料之蒐集與調查，同時配合美國土壤保持局( The U. S. Soil Conservation Service, SCS) 通用之曲線值法(Curve Number method, CN method)，求得實測及估測之逕流係數C、C 與實測及估測之曲線值CN、CN ，並試圖找出其間之相互關係。 由結果發現，利用SCS 法推估之逕流係數C 多大於實測之逕流係數C，而逕流曲線值部份，根據GIS 技術及面積加權概念所得之實測逕流曲線值CN，與利用降雨、逕流量推估之逕流曲線值CN 相比較，則CN 多小於CN。本研究之數據顯示：後龍溪流域之推估逕流係數C 約為0.90，而實測逕流係數C 則介於0.76 至0.82 之間。彼岸橋、打鹿坑及北勢大橋三集水分區之實際平均逕流曲線值CN 分別為63.04、61.82 及61.83；而推估平均逕流曲線值CN 則分別為44.98、37.74 與45.94。 (關鍵詞：逕流係數、SCS 法、逕流曲線值) Study on the Runoff Coefficient and Curve Number in Hou-long Watershed Ping-Cheng Hsieh (1), Szu-Ying Chu (2) Associate Professor (1) and Master (2), Department of Soil and Water Conservation National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 402. ABSTRACT At present, the rational formula is often applied to estimate the peak flow of watershed in Taiwan. The determination of runoff coefficient of rational formula is usually confused to users (1) 國立中興大學水土保持學系副教授 (2) 國立中興大學水土保持學系碩士 205 水土保持學報 40 (2) ：205 - 221 (2008) Journal of Soil and Water Conservation , 40 (2) ：205 - 221 (2008) because the range of runoff coefficient is so big as shown in the Technical Regulation of Soil and Water Conservation. Runoff coefficient will directly affect peak flow and thus will affect the decision of the engineering construction scale, so we have to do further investigation. In view of this, we consider some factors of hydrology (rainfall, runoff and etc.) and geography (landuse, soil texture and etc.) in Hou-long watershed to calculate the runoff coefficient C and curve number CN by observed data, and to estimate the runoff coefficient C and curve number CN by the SCS method. The relationship among these four numbers is also discussed. The results show that the estimated runoff coefficients C by SCS method are usually larger than the ob