英语高考完形填空做题方法.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 5 【完形填空】 一、做题思路 1. 通览全文，抓准主旨 命题原则：首句不设空 1) 利用首句把握文章主旨大意 2) 跳过空格浏览全文，部分选出答案 一般来讲，高考完形填空的首句通常是不挖空的。首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题，细读首句可启示全文；同时可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。 ????? Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability. 本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想 2. 细读全文，透析文意 出题特点：干扰项设置与“语法结构错误”无关，重在文意的干扰 1) 看到熟悉的句法结构不着急选，理解语境后再选择 2) 通过上下文，细心推敲，选出答案 （信息提示有时在题目的前文，有时在后文） 3. 全面验证，理清逻辑 文章特点：逻辑上下贯通、结构脉络清晰 1) 做完之后复读全文，验证答案 2) 答案应与整篇文章逻辑相符 二、解题技巧 1. 利用语法分析解题 ????? 完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题，可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如： ????? ????? ______ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job. ????? 8. A. Because????? B. While??????? C. If?????????? D. Since 2. 利用固定搭配解题 ????? 完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，平时应掌握好习惯用法。如： ????? They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ______ baths. ????? 12. A. took?????? B. washed?????? C. ran???? D. covered ????? ????? I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was useless and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be ______ but a failure.” ????? 2. A. anything? B. something????? C. everything????? D. nothing ????? 3. 利用固定句型解题 ????? 完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解，但同时也会考到一些固定句型，掌握好一些句型，对确定题目的答案很有帮助。如： ????? I haven’t had a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it’s several days ______ I used a phone box. ????? 19. A. as B. when????? C. if D. since ????? ????? It wasn’t long ______the police caught the thief. ????? 18. A. after?????? B. when? C. before???? D. until ????? ????? “Why ______ you take a big man with you? You have to fight the sailor who is drunk.” ????? 14. A. don’t?????? B. couldn’t?????? C. can’t? D. do ?? 4. 利用复现信息解题 ????? 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。如： For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about playing with