如何撰写科再学论文.pptVIP

How to Write a Scientific Paper 如何撰写科学论文 Title In preparing a title for a paper, the author would do well to remember one salient fact: That title will be read by thousands of people. 题目 作者在准备论文题目时，应该记住一个明显的事实：论文的题目将被成千上万人读到。 Perhaps few people, if any, will read the entire paper, but many people will read the title, either in the original journal or in one of the Secondary(abstracting and indexing) services. 如果有能够完整地读完整篇论文的人的话，也可能只是少数几个人。大多数读者或者会通过原始期刊，或者会通过二次文献(文摘或索引)阅读到论文的题目。 Therefore, all words in the title should be chosen with great care, and their association with one another must be carefully managed. 因此，题目中的每一个词都应该仔细地推敲，词与词之间的关系也应该细心处理。 The meaning and order of the words in the title are of importance to the potential reader who sees the title in the journal table of contents. 对于可能阅读期刊目录中论文题目的读者来说，题目中每个词的含意和词序是很重要的。 But these considerations are equally important to all potential users of the literature, including those(probably a majority) who become aware of the paper via secondary sources. 这对于所有可能使用文献的人，包括通过二次文献查找论文的人(可能是大多数)也同样重要。 Thus, the title should be useful as a label accompanying the paper itself, and it also should be in a form suitable for the machine-indexing systems used by The Engineering Index, Science Citation Index, and others. 因此，题目不仅仅作为论文的标记，它还应该适合于工程索引、科学引文索引等机器索引系统。 Most of the indexing and abstracting services are geared to “keyword” systems. 大多数索引和摘要都采用“关键词”分类法。 Therefore, it is fundamentally important that the author provide the right “keys” to the paper when labeling it. 因此，在确定论文题目时，最重要的是作者应该提供能够正确表达文章内容的“关键词”。 That is, the terms in the title should be limited to those words that highlight the Significant content of the paper in terms that are both understandable and retrievable. 也就是说文章的题目用词应该限于既容易理解，又便于检索，还能使文章的重要内容突出的那些词。 Abstract An Abstract should be viewed as a mini-version of the paper. The Abstract should provide a brief summary of each of the main sections of the paper. 摘要 摘要应该是论文的缩写版本。它应该是论文各主要章