中考英语复习专题（十）非谓语动词课件（新版）人教新目标版.pptxVIP

【中考考点】(1)动词不定式的用法。(2)动名词的用法。(3)现在分词和过去分词的用法。考点一　动词不定式不定式有两种,即带to的不定式(to+动词原形)和不带to的不定式。[注意] 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,其否定结构为“not to do sth.”。1.作主语[常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末]常用句型结构为“It’s+adj./n.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.”。 To ask the teacher for help is necessary. =It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.向老师寻求帮助是必要的。2.作宾语(1)后接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有 want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, agree, refuse, learn, remember, forget, would like/love等。I hope 　there before dark. ?我希望天黑以前到那儿。(2)在think, find, make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语,而将不定式后置,构成“主语+谓语+it(形式宾语)+宾语补足语(形容词/名词)+不定式”结构。I found it difficult to solve the problem. 我发现解决这个问题很难。to get3.作宾语补足语(1)后面能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有 tell, ask, allow, want, help, wish, teach, warn, invite, would like, encourage等。The teacher told us 　Exercise 1.?老师告诉我们做练习一。(2)使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see,hear, watch, notice, feel等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但是,当上述动词变为被动语态时,作补语的不定式必须补上to。We often hear her sing. 我们经常听见她唱歌。被动语态: She is often heard to sing.to do4.作状语动词不定式常用作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。Mr. Lee will go to Hangzhou to visit the West Lake. 李先生将会去杭州参观西湖。(作目的状语) 5.作定语动词不定式作定语时,放在被修饰的名词的后面,作后置定语。若不定式结构中的动词是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,则不定式后面要加上适当的介词。I don’t have a partner to practice English with.我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。I had to find a place to live in.我不得不找一个住的地方。6.作表语Their duty is 　 　the animals. ?他们的职责是照看动物。7.“疑问词+不定式”结构动词不定式可以和what, which, when, where, how等疑问词连用,构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。He doesn’t know 　to attend the wedding. 他不知道要穿什么去参加婚礼。(作宾语)?to look after/to take care ofwhat to wear考点二　动名词动名词一般由“动词原形+-ing”构成,但有不规则形式。动名词既有动词的性质,也有名词的性质。1.作主语动名词作主语和动词不定式作主语,在很多情况下可以通用。Playing/To play computer games too much is bad for your eyes.过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。2.作宾语常接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有enjoy, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, can’t help, avoid, be used to, be worth, be afraid of, be proud of, be interested in, can’t stop, look forward to, put off, have fun等。Have you finished 　the book??你读完这本书了吗?reading3.作表语The nurse’s job is 　the patients.?护士的工作是照顾病人。4.作定语表示所修饰词的用途、所属关系等