新型调压装置在液体饱和蒸气压测定试验中的应用.pdf

大学化学(Daxue Huaxue) March Univ. Chem. 2016, 31 (3), 49－54 49 ∙化学实验∙ doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXH 新型调压装置在液体饱和蒸气压测定实验中的应用 龚楚清* 邓 媛 邓立志 夏春兰 (武汉大学化学与分子科学学院，武汉430072) 摘要：引入可控进气量和具有独立操作的增、减压缓冲瓶的调压装置，使气压调节缓慢可控，能连续调 节缓冲瓶内气体压力以适应不同温度点的液体饱和蒸气压；可通过控制U 形液柱缓慢移动来读取气液平 衡状态下饱和气压值，较好地克服了以往实验中存在的调压操作困难、易发生空气倒灌及未知蒸气饱和 的问题，取得了良好的实验效果，提高了实验数据的准确性。 关键词：物理化学实验；液体饱和蒸气压；气液平衡 中图分类号：O64 ；G64 The Application of New Gas Pressure Adjustment Device in the Experiment on Saturated Vapor Pressure Measurements GONG Chu-Qing* DENG Yuan DENG Li-Zhi XIA Chun-Lan (College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China) Abstract: By introducing two gas buffer vessels, one for increasing pressure and the other for decreasing pressure, which can be operated independently, a new apparatus was established on the adjustment of gas pressure through controlling of air input. It was easy to control the gas pressure of buffer vessel continuously following the variation of vapor tension in different temperatures. Experimental data can be obtained when the gas and liquid are in equilibrium by manipulating the slow move of U shape liquid. This system has achieved satisfactory effects in the application for its advantages on easiness in operation, stability and data accuracy, etc. Key Words: Physicochemical experiment; Saturated vapor pressure of liquid; Gas-liquid equilibrium 液体饱和蒸气压测定是经典的基础物理化学实验，对学生加深理解气液平衡和掌握克劳修斯-克 [1－3] 拉贝龙方程有重要作用，多年来高等院校普遍开设此项实验内容 。测定液体饱和蒸气压的主要方