甲烷排放的测量技术.pdf

Methane Emission Measurement Techniques Methane To Markets Partnership International Workshop – Oil Gas April 17 and 18, 2008 Qingdao, China 1 Why Quantify Emission Rates? Justification for repair/control costs. / Prioritization and optimization of efforts? / Objective performance monitoring. Potential to generate marketable GHG credits. GHG 2 Key Measurement Parameters: Temperature Pressure CH4 Concentration Volumetric Flow 3 Performance Requirements: Practical and safe to use in the field. Reasonable cost. Readily available. Sufficient accuracy for economic evaluations (e.g., 25% or better). 25 Greater accuracy for carbon credit projects (e.g., 15% or better). 15 4 Basic Options: Measurements at the source. Remote measurement techniques. Engineering Calculations. 5 Measurements at the Source Typical Applications: Equipment leaks, venting and flaring. Basic constraints: Requires easy or supplied access to source. Potential Issues: Safety concerns (H S or relief events). H S 2 2 Backpressure limitations. High or cold temperature surfaces. Fouling (e.g., condensing vapor or lube oil mist). 6 Measurements at the