风力发电机组不对中故障分析.pdfVIP

主题 5：风电场设计、建设与运维 风力发电机组的不对中故障分析 廖明夫，王四季，王俨剀，梁媛媛 西北工业大学旋转机械与风能装置测控研究所 摘 要：实际中存在若干因素会导致风力发电机组传动系统不对中。不对中会产生动载荷， 引起机组振动，将会严重影响传动系统的可靠性，是造成齿轮和轴承损坏的主要原因之一。 本文剖析了风力发电机组传动系统不对中的原因，分析了齿轮箱高速端和发电机之间不对中 所产生的动载荷及其所引起的机组振动，比较了发电机轴承和齿轮箱轴承所承受的载荷，结 果表明：不对中产生的动载荷不仅与转速相关，而且还随风速波动而变化，在齿轮箱轴承和 发电机轴承上产生较大的动载荷。 关键词：风力发电机组，传动系统，不对中，轴承，齿轮箱，动载荷，振动 Misalignment in Drive Train of Wind Turbines Liao Mingfu,Wang Siji,Wang Yankai,Liang Yuanyuan Institute of Monitoring and Control for Rotating Machinery and Wind Turbines, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Abstract ：Misalignment in the drive train of wind turbines can often appear in practice. It will lead to dynamic loads on bearings in gear boxes and in generators, and it will further cause violent vibrations in wind turbines. Therefore the misalignment, especially between the high speed shaft of a gear box and the shaft of a generator, is one of the major causes for the damages of bearings and gear boxes in wind turbines. In this paper the causes of misalignment in the drive train of wind turbines are analyzed. They could be attributed to unsuitable design, manufacturing errors, rough installation in nacelle, different deformations of elastic rubber dampers supporting generators and gear boxes, undesired deformation of the chassis of the nacelle under operation and so on. The misalignment between the high speed shaft of gear box and the shaft of generator gives rise to dynamic loads which are not only related to rotational speed, but to wind speed and to structural condition of couplings. Keywords: wind turbines, drive train ，misalignment, bearings, gear box ，dynamic loads, vibrations 引言 风力发电机组传动链较长，并要在几十米、甚至上百米高空的机舱中安装，机组的精确 对中相当困难。另外，机组的主承力框架相对较长，例如，1.5MW 双馈型风力机的承力框架 约 7.6 米，大部分是焊接而成，在运行过程中，随着时间和温度可能会发生变形；支承发电 机的 4 个橡胶阻尼器也可能会发生不均匀变形，最终使得发电机和齿轮箱的高速