20150204 CA Cancer J Clin《2012年全球癌症统计》.pdfVIP

CA CANCER J CLIN 2015;00:00–00 Global Cancer Statistics, 2012 1 2 3 4 Lindsey A. Torre, MSPH ; Freddie Bray, PhD ; Rebecca L. Siegel, MPH ; Jacques Ferlay, ME ; Joannie Lortet-Tieulent, MSc5; Ahmedin Jemal, DVM, PhD6 Cancer constitutes an enormous burden on society in more and less economically developed countries alike. The occurrence of cancer is increasing because of the growth and aging of the population, as well as an increasing prevalence of established risk factors such as smoking, overweight, physical inactivity, and changing reproductive patterns associated with urbanization and economic development. Based on GLOBOCAN estimates, about 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million deaths occurred in 2012 worldwide. Over the years, the burden has shifted to less developed countries, which currently account for about 57% of cases and 65% of cancer deaths worldwide. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among males in both more and less developed countries, and has surpassed breast cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among females in more devel- oped countries; breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death among females in less developed countries. Other leading causes of cancer death in more developed countries include colorectal cancer among males and females and prostate cancer among males. In less developed countries, liver and stomach cancer among males and cervical cancer among females are also leading causes of cancer death. Although incidence rates for all cancers combined are nearly twice as high in more developed than in less developed coun