利用小波分析对岩石图像分类.docxVIP

利用小波分析对岩石图像分类 　　【摘要】本文基于花岗岩和砂岩数字图像特征，利用小波分析理论及Bayes决策理论建立起岩石中几种成份的频谱图。首先利用岩石图像灰度统计函数存在多个极小值的特点，将其灰度级划分成若干个子区间，并利用迭代算法对区间进行优化，根据优化所得区间来建立起各类的样本集及其分布域。然后用小波理论对图像进行多重分解，按塔式原则将其各级系数矩阵还原成与原图像大小一致的矩阵，并对各矩阵进行均一化处理，经处理之后的小波系数矩阵为图像的波段。最后，以样本集为基样本，求出小波分解的各级分解系数与对应点的坐标集及其分解系数集，利用Bayes算法建立花岗岩和砂岩中各成份的频谱图。本文中频谱图是建立在先验基础之上的，在对频谱图的应用时，只需将一幅图片进行小波分解，同时对分解系数做还原及均一化处理，根据先验所得的频谱对样本进行计算，便可确定出被分析图像的各种成份及其分布情况。　　【关键词】小波分析；岩石?D像分类；频谱；波段；样本；样本集；聚类中心　　【Abstract】Based on the characteristics of granite and sandstone digital images， this paper builds up the spectrum of several components in rock by wavelet analysis theory and Bayes decision theory. Firstly， the gray level is divided into several subintervals by using the gray level statistical function of the rock image. The iterative algorithm is used to optimize the interval. According to the optimized range， the sample sets are set up. Its distribution domain. Then the wavelet is used to decompose the image， and the matrix of the coefficients is reduced to the same size as the original image according to the tower principle， and the matrix is processed uniformly. The wavelet coefficients matrix after processing is the band of the image The Finally， the spectral set of granite and sandstone is established by Bayes algorithm， and the spectral set of the decomposition coefficient of the wavelet decomposition and the corresponding coordinate set and its decomposition coefficient are obtained. In this paper， the spectrum is based on the transcendental basis， in the application of the spectrum， only a picture of the wavelet decomposition， while the decomposition factor to do the reduction and uniform processing， according to a priori spectrum pairs The samples are calculated to determine the various components of the image being analyzed and their distribution.　　【Key words】Wavelet analysis；Rock image classification；Spectrum；Band；Sample；Sample set；Clustering center　　1. 前言　　对于图像的分类，过去有很多学者对此做了很多的研究。在传统方法上，人们利用对象与图像背景之间的差别来识别对象，这些差别主要体现在图像函数f的