英文版-物流与供应链管理.ppt

* * * 1 The dramatic changes in logistics management have also impacted the transportation management function. Many firms, however, neglect the new environment in which transportation functions and continue to manage it as they have for the past 40 years. World Class firms are integrating transportation management into their overall supply chain picture. This module will provide participants with an overview of Leading Edge transportation management. NOTE: we will limit our discussion to freight transportation as opposed to passenger transportation * This slide denotes the importance of transportation as a Critical element of structure, capacity, and movement decisions - essentially a cog in the seamless flow of product through the supply chain. Regardless of firm’s expertise in procurement, manufacturing, warehousing, etc., if the movement of product to support the plan doesn’t happen according to needs, the system will break down Yet many firms spend most of their time focusing on the operational “nodes” and neglect the “links” between those nodes. It’s like spending $20,000 on a CD player and amplifier and then going to Wal-Mart and buying $40 speakers!!! * Now let’s take quick look at cost structures as they apply to each major mode: Rail - high fixed costs for land (trackage rights), tracks, equipment); once that’s invested, however, variable costs are relatively low so low variable cost per unit - good for high volume, long-haul shipments of goods that don’t need special protection/care; also good for heavy items that don’t lend themselves to road transportation (e.g., heavy construction equipment) Motor- relatively low fixed costs because they travel on highways that are gov’t subsidized (major gripe of the railroads!) and equipment costs much less than rail or water, but medium variable costs mostly for drivers, fuel, and highway usage taxes (the weigh stations you see as you enter and leave every state assess taxes based on weight) - good for