语言学习与语言教学的原则.pptxVIP

Issues in First Language Acquisition Revisited;Competence and Performance;ADULT: Now Adam, listen to what i say. Tell me which is better to say...some water, or a water. ADAM: Pop go weasel. ;Comprehension and Production;W.R.Miller: Whats your name ? A three-year-old child: Litha. M: Litha? C: No, Litha. M: Oh, Lisa. C: Yes, Litha.;skinner;Universal ;Is there a universal deep structures, common to all languages? Implications: (a) simply to look for commonalities between first and second language . (b) to consider a few possible universally applicable cognitive processes of acqusition.;From pivot grammar to three-and four-word utterances, and to full sentences of almost indeterminate length.;Past tense: separate items: walked, broke, drank -ed morpheme: walked, breaked, drinked regular and irregular: two classes saussure(1916:9) : speech is many-sided and heterogeneous: straddling several areas simultaneously---physical, physiological, and psychological.;Language and Thought;Imitation;CHILD: Nobody dont like me. MOTHER: No, say nobody likes me. CHILD: Nobody dont like me. (eight repetitions of this dialogue) MOTHER: No, now listen carefully; say nobody likes me. CHILD: Oh! Nobody dont likes me. 朱曼殊等（1986）曾对一名一岁八个月的幼儿进行追踪研究。他们每天问小孩“xx是谁给你买的？”之类的问题，一连几天，小孩的回答总是“xx是妈妈（或阿姨、老师等）买给你的。”虽然每次给予纠正，但她还是不能把“买给你的”改正为“买给我的”。;Practice;deep structure;Different language input C1 : parental, authentic , sufficient , natural…... A2 : teacher, inauthentic, limited……;Discourse;Strategetic competence;Bibliography Adamson,H.D.1988.Variation Theory and Second Language Aquisition.Washington DC: Georgetown University Press. H.D.Brown. 2001.Principles of Language Learning and Teaching.Third Edition.Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. Rod Ellis. 1985.Understanding Second Language Acquisition.Oxford University Press. 高永奇.第二语言习得.苏州：苏州大学出版社，2014.9 贾冠杰.英语教学基础理论.上海外语教育出版社，2010