城市快速路交通流车头时距分布特性分析-交通运输系统工程与信息.PDF

第11卷 第6期 交通运输系统工程与信息 Vol郾11 No郾5 2011年12月 Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology October 2011 文章编号: 1009鄄6744 (2011)05鄄0068鄄06 城市快速路交通流车头时距分布特性分析 袁摇 凯,关摇 伟* (北京交通大学 交通运输学院,北京 100044) 摘要:摇 在对北京市城市快速路实测单车数据分析的基础上,本文发现对数正态分布函 数可以成功地对不同速度条件下的车头时距概率密度分布情况进行拟合.运用最小二 乘法对该函数进行参数估计,得到不同速度条件下的期望车头时距值以及车头时距的 平均值和标准差.结合实测车头时距分布特性,经过修正,发现城市快速路上期望车头 时距随速度的变化趋势与高速公路上的测量结果一致,但在定量上却要远高于高速公 路上的期望车头时距.最后利用平均车头时距和单车速度绘制出流量—密度和流量— 速度关系图,并具体讨论了出入口匝道对外侧车道交通流特性的影响,定量标定了谐动 流和自由流相位在不同断面条件下的速度区间. 关键词:摇 城市交通;车头时距分布;对数正态分布;城市快速路;谐动流 中图分类号:摇 U491 文献标识码:摇 A Time鄄headway Distribution Features on Urban Freeway YUAN Kai,GUAN Wei (School of Traffic and Transportation,BeijingJiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China) Abstract:摇 Based on the analysis of single鄄vehicle data collected in Beijing2nd ring of urban freeway,the statistical features of time鄄headway distribution at different velocities are investigated in this paper,and the time鄄headway distributions under different velocities are fitted well with the model. In the model, the parameters corresponding to velocity 淄 is estimated to obtain the recommended time鄄headway,the average time鄄headway and the standard deviation. Considering the empirical time鄄headway distribution features,the recommended time鄄headways on urban freeway at different velocities are discussed quantitatively and qualitatively,and the result is different with the previous investigation works about highway traffic. In addition,the density鄄flow plane and the velocity鄄flow plane are plotted in a statistical meani