小鼠胚胎致密化起始的调控机制-遗传.PDF

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2009 12 , 31(12): 1177―1184 ISSN 0253-9772 综 述 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2009.01177 小鼠胚胎致密化起始的调控机制 李超波, 胡丽丽, 王振东, 钟淑琦, 雷蕾 , 150081 植入前小鼠胚胎的发育事件包括第一次卵裂、胚胎基因组激活、桑椹胚致密、囊胚形成。小鼠受精卵胚 胎的致密化发生在 8-细胞阶段晚期, 致密过程中, 胚胎卵裂球本身以及卵裂球之间发生了一系列的变化。这些 变化包括卵裂球微绒毛以及胞质成分的极性化分布, 卵裂球之间形成特殊的胞间连接。致密化是哺乳动物胚胎 发育过程中的第一个细胞分化事件, 即导致了内细胞团以及滋养外胚层的产生。植入后, 内细胞团将发育成为 胚体, 滋养外胚层将发育成为胎盘等胚外组织。细胞粘附分子E-cadherin 介导的胞间粘附起始了致密化。卵裂 球发生粘附所需的组分在致密前已经存在, 但是直至8-细胞阶段晚期连接复合体才表现出明显的粘附活性。敲 除E-cadherin 基因, 发现母源性的E-cadherin 足以介导致密。E-cadherin 介导的胞间粘附是细胞粘附的第一步。 文章综述了 E-cadherin 介导胞间粘附的具体过程以及蛋白激酶 C(Protein kinase C, PKC)调控该过程的相关 机制。 胚胎; 致密化; 细胞粘附; 蛋白激酶C Regulation of compaction initiation in mouse embryo LI Chao-Bo, HU Li-Li, WANG Zhen-Dong, ZHONG Shu-Qi, LEI Lei Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China Abstract: Developmental events in preimplantation mouse embryos include the first cleavage, the activation of the embryonic genome, the compaction of the blastomeres to form morula (MO), and the formation of the blasto- cyst (BL). Compaction, the first cell differentiation event in mammalian development, occurs at the late eight-cell stage in the mouse and may be described in terms of some types of morphological change, which involve reor- ganization within a cell and intercellular reorganization. Surface microvilli became restricted to a few basal sites and to an externally facing (apical) pole. Prior to compaction, the blastomeres are spherical and lack specialized intercellular junctions. During compaction, the cells were flattened against one another, thus maximizing intercel- lular contact and obscuring intercellular boundaries. It is believed that the event