全球物流课件.pptVIP

全球物流 成員介紹 顏士傑 劉馥嬌 何盈潔 劉修涵 黃瓊儀 學習目標 敘述影響全球物流改變之缺點 解釋改變法律和政治環境對歐洲、亞洲、南美及北美會產生那些效應 討論北美的自由貿易協定以及它在物流上的影響 定義工廠的性質與優越性 學習目標 敘述國內與國外物流之差異性 討論全球商務活動增加之原因 定義一個國際企業 依據波特的五力分析來解釋全球競爭之優勢 學習目標 主要運輸系統運用在全球物流之解釋 區別全球物流當中的中盤商、運輸業、經濟商及出口貿易商 學習目標 說明選擇一個用來做全球運輸品之港口標準 討論全球運輸對倉儲和包裝的需求 定義顧客責任和自由貿易區的角色 全球商業物流 全球物流重要性 World trade is growing as fast logistics systems have had the effect of shrinking the world, empowering competitive trade. Foreign trade has grown in tonnage and in value for the United States and other nations. Lower labor costs from international outsourcing is a critical component of the supply chain. Focused manufacturing fits well into an international logistics strategy. 全球競爭策略 To effectively serve global markets, firms should consider adopting integrated worldwide strategies. These firms are more likely to search for global sourcing for materials and components, depots, assembly, distribution centers, and logistics. Global firms typically design synchronous strategies around technology, marketing, manufacturing, and logistics. 全球市場的顧客服務策略：四個特性 Marketing becomes standardized yet customized. Product life cycles shorten, sometimes to less than one year. Outsourcing and offshore manufacturing are becoming more prevalent. Marketing and manufacturing activities and strategies tend to converge and be better coordinated in firms operating globally.4 全球市場之顧客服務策略 Logistics networks tend to become more expansive and complex. Thus, lead times and inventory may rise. Logistics activities must be operated as a system to provide a countervailing force. Most importantly, the service needs of internationally-dispersed customers must drive the design and implementation of the logistics system. 重要因素和關鍵趨勢: 競爭環境的重要性 麥克波特的研究推斷出〝國家能力的提升必須發展出下一階段的技術和生產力，這是成功進入國際市場的關鍵〞 波特認為美國失去全球市場佔有率的原因，可從運輸和技術先進的領域中，發現美國在國際貿易上有下滑的趨勢 重要因素和關鍵趨勢: 波特模型 因素情況 競爭優勢的基本因素在於能力的轉換 需求情況 市場大小、老練