数据库原理双语)-Chapter03.pptVIP

4. Properties of Relations Relations have seven properties: Relation name is distinct from all other relation names in relational database schema(同一DB中的关系模式不能重名). Each cell of relation contains exactly one atomic (single) value(关系表中每个单元格只能取一个单一的原子值). Legal relation 导师 专业 研究生 张清正 信息 李勇 张清正 信息 刘晨 刘逸 信息 王名 刘逸 计算机 王名 Illegal relation 导师 专业 研究生 张清正 信息 李勇 刘晨 刘逸 信息 王名 计算机 Repeating groups(重复组) Each attribute has a distinct name (同一关系模式中的属性不能重名). Values of an attribute are all from the same domain (同一属性的任何值均来自相同的域: 列是同质的). 4. Properties of Relations Relations have seven properties: Each tuple is distinct; there are no duplicate tuples (同一关系中不存在重复元组). Order of attributes has no significance(列顺序无所谓). Order of tuples has no significance (行顺序无所谓). 3.2 Terminology 1. Relational Data Structure 2. Mathematical Definition of Relation 3. Database Relations 4. Properties of Relations 5. Relational Keys 6. Representing Relational Database Schemas 5. Relational Keys(关系的键/码) Relational keys: attributes that uniquely identifies each tuple in a relation (惟一标识关系中每个元组的属性组). There are 5 kinds of relational keys: Superkey(超键/码) An attribute, or a set of attributes, that uniquely identifies a tuple within a relation(e.g., (Id, Name) ). Candidate Key(候选键/码) A superkey (K) such that no proper subset is a superkey within the relation R(e.g., Id ). In each tuple of R, values of K uniquely identify that tuple (uniqueness: 唯一性，即在这些关系中，属性组K上的值每行都不相同). No proper subset of K has the uniqueness property (irreducibility:不能缩减性). 5. Relational Keys(关系的键/码) Example: 在关系: SC(学号, 课号, 身份证号, 成绩)中， (学号, 课号)、(课号, 身份证号)都是候选键。 学号 课号 身份证号 成绩 95001 1 1 80 95001 2 1 90 95001 1 2 70 95002 1 1 70 唯一性： 不能缩减性： 候选健的子集：学号、课号、身份证号都不是候选健。 Relational keys: attributes that uniquely identifies each tuple in a relati