拒斥“信,达,雅”四个理由(一).docVIP

英语知识 摘要 中国译与学的尴尬由来已久。原因不外： 1 ，译品芜滥恶质化 2 ，译学研究教条化，旷日持久满足于对脱胎中古译经的晚清翻译标准 “ 信、达、雅 ” 浅表，没完没了的语义转换（忠实 / 通顺）。对 “ 信、达、雅 ” 认识论基础的浅陋，落后的揭露，及方法论的无效，虚妄的批判是中国译界走出困境的必由之路。西方译学研究已超越语文学及结构语言学阶段，进入多元化时代。中国译界的进步则取决于已朦胧浮现在地平线上，和严复 “ 信、达、雅 ” 的一场激烈的思想交锋和实质性对话。一切从理性 / 经验 / 现实 / 语境出发，考察 “ 信、达、雅 ” 的形成，渊源、流变、僵化过程 , 则是这一对话成功的真正前提。 The influx of foreign ideas into China began with the translation of religious tracts from India in the early Han Dynasty. The second wave of Chinese translating was ushered in Pre-Opium War, with emphasis initially again on religion before shifting to a diversity of texts, science and technology, the commercials ,the humanities ,etc. Throughout the history of Chinese translation, Yan Fu has been a central figure not only in pioneering a new direction in chinas effort to understand the outside world through translation and writing as a publicist. His adaptation of ancient Buddhist translators theories into a threefold criteria (fidelity ,fluency, elegance) remains a quasi-ideology for modern Chinese practitioners and theorists. Although exalting the supremacy of the originals. Yan seldom lived up to his own creed. On the contrary, aware of many a pitfall in the syntactical differences between Chinese and English, Yan came out with renditions nothing short of summations or even paraphrasings in idiomatic classical Chinese, .nevertheless, believed to be more in tune with the spirit and quintessence of the originals . However, such glaring gap between theory and practice( an ultra conservatist theorist and an arch –revolutionary- practitioner, has escaped the academic attention or simply been downplayed into oblivion. The ideological import inherent in the notion of fidelity has nurtured the superficial orientation towards formal equivalence( mechanical matching of TL and SL linguistic and stylistic features in isolation),Whereas the time-honored but sterile free/literal debate breeds an infinity of categorization of small practical tricks Now, thanks to work b