卢宏涛申报教授职称答辩报告.ppt

Chapter 13 Discrete Image Transforms 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Linear transformations One-dimensional discrete linear transformations Definition. If x is an N-by-1 vector and T is an N-by-N matrix, then is a linear transformation of the vector x, I.e., T is called the kernel matrix of the transformation Linear Transformations Rotation and scaling are examples of linear transformations If T is a nonsingular matrix, the inverse linear transformation is Linear Transformations Unitary Transforms If the kernel matrix of a linear system is a unitary matrix, the linear system is called a unitary transformation. A matrix T is unitary if If T is unitary and real, then T is an orthogonal matrix. Unitary Transforms The rows ( also the columns ) of an orthogonal matrix are a set of orthogonal vectors. One-dimensional DFT is an example of a unitary transform or where the matrix W is a unitary matrix. Unitary Transforms Interpretation The rows (or columns) of a unitary matrix form a orthonormal basis for the N-dimensional vector space. A unitary transform can be viewed as a coordinate transformation, rotating the vector in N-space without changing its length. A unitary linear transformation converts a N-dimensional vector to a N-dimensional vector of transform coefficients, each of which is computed as the inner product of the input vector x with one of the rows of the transform matrix T. The forward transformation is referred to as analysis, and the backward transformation is referred to as synthesis. Two-dimensional discrete linear transformations A two-dimensional linear transformation is where forms an N2-by-N2 block matrix having N-by-N blocks, each of which is an N-by-N matrix If , the transformation is called separable. 2-D separable symmetric unitary transforms If , the transformation is symmetric, The inverse transform is Example: The two-d