采用并行技术计算厚板焊接应力与其分布规律.pdfVIP

摘 要 焊接连接是钢结构连接的主要方法之一，而厚板焊接加工会引起接头 局部不均匀的热塑性变形和相变，从而产生焊接残余应力。焊接残余应力 会影响结构施工和使用全过程，因此在进行钢结构设计和施工之前应该合 理估计和考虑焊接残余应力影响。 根据厚板焊接形式，考虑 40mm 厚板 X 形和 V 形坡口焊缝，利用有限 元计算软件 ANSYS 分析焊缝残余应力的分布，采用内热源模型模拟温度 场，将温度结果作为荷载施加到结构应力计算模型上，得到厚板残余应力 的分布特征。 根据模拟结果可知：厚板焊缝处节点每次热源的经过都会形成一个峰 值，并且焊缝有几道堆焊就有几个波峰；要给定材料各项物理性能参数随 温度的变化值，才能得到准确的温度场；焊接表面上厚度方向残余应力值 最小，纵向方向残余应力值最大，并且超过了材料本身的屈服强度，这是 应力强化的结果；厚板在不同约束下，线约束下的残余应力要比面约束的 明显小；在相同的条件下， 形焊缝残余应力要比 形焊缝的要小；厚板 X V 残余应力并行运算的时间与网络传输及计算机的配置有关系。 最后根据计算结果的对比分析，对厚板残余应力的分析和研究提出了 一些建议性的意见，具有一定的实用价值。 关键词 焊接；残余应力；数值模拟；有限元；厚板；并行技术 I 万方数据 Abstract Welding is a typical steel connection joint, but the Residual stress (RS) is produced by heterogeneous plastic deformations, thermal contractions and phase transformations are induced by the thickness plate manufacturing process. The RS affects the period of construction as well as the period of service. It is reasonable to consider the effects of RS before design and construction. According to plate welding forms, analyzing RS distribution for 40 mm X, V thickness plate by FEM software (ANSYS), and simulating the temperature field distribution by inner heat source. Temperature is calculated at first. Then it is applied to the structural model as a load to calculate RS distribution. Research shows that the temperature of nodes in the weld seams reach peak when heat source pass; give the changes value for the physical property parameters of the material as the temperature, then can achieve accurate the temperature field; residual stress in the thickness direction