高考英语备考辅导定语从句.pptxVIP

英语自学网 　　(一) 限定性定语从句　　1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省;略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 。　　2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定;语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢。　　3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的;that常被省略 。　　4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 。　　5. where是关系副词，用来表示地;点的定语从句 。　　6. when引导定语从句表示时间[注]值得一提的是，表示时间“time一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 。　　By the time;you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I me;t her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, so;ap, toothbrush etc.　　7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。　　8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, any;body, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导。　　(二)定语从句及相关术语　　1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代;词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as;等;关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。　　(三)关系代词引导的定语从句　　1.who指人，在从句中做主语;。　　(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.　　(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who;lost his way.　　2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。　　(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the;bus.　??(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.　　注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。　　(3) The m;an who/whom you met just now is my friend.　　3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。　　(1) Football is a game;which is liked by most boys.　　(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.　　如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或wh;o.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.　　如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book;.　　4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom;指物时，相当于which。　　在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。　　(5) The number of the people that/;who come to visit the city each year rises one million.　　(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this m;orning?　　5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。　　(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.